Highlighting the ratio of sodium to potassium in population-level dietary assessments: cross-sectional data from New York City, USA.

Public Health Nutr

1New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene,Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control, 2 Gotham Center,42-09 28th Street,9th Floor,CN-46,Long Island City,NY 11101,USA.

Published: November 2014

Objective: To contrast mean values of Na:K with Na and K mean intakes by demographic factors, and to calculate the prevalence of New York City (NYC) adults meeting the WHO guideline for optimal Na:K (<1 mmol/mmol, i.e. <0·59 mg/mg) using 24 h urinary values.

Design: Data were from the 2010 Community Health Survey Heart Follow-Up Study, a population-based, representative study including data from 24 h urine collections.

Setting: Participants were interviewed using a dual-frame sample design consisting of random-digit dial telephone exchanges that cover NYC. Data were weighted to be representative of NYC adults as a whole.

Subjects: The final sample of 1656 adults provided 24 h urine collections and self-reported health data.

Results: Mean Na:K in NYC adults was 1·7 mg/mg. Elevated Na:K was observed in young, minority, low-education and high-poverty adults. Only 5·2 % of NYC adults had Na:K in the optimal range.

Conclusions: Na intake is high and K intake is low in NYC adults, leading to high Na:K. Na:K is a useful marker and its inclusion for nutrition surveillance in populations, in addition to Na and K intakes, is indicated.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10282396PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014001293DOI Listing

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