A 200 μm radius hot spot at more than 2 keV temperature, 1 g/cm^{3} density has been achieved on the National Ignition Facility using a near vacuum hohlraum. The implosion exhibits ideal one-dimensional behavior and 99% laser-to-hohlraum coupling. The low opacity of the remaining shell at bang time allows for a measurement of the x-ray emission of the reflected central shock in a deuterium plasma. Comparison with 1D hydrodynamic simulations puts constraints on electron-ion collisions and heat conduction. Results are consistent with classical (Spitzer-Harm) heat flux.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.225002 | DOI Listing |
Elife
December 2024
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Chemotherapy is widely used to treat lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients comprehensively. Considering the limitations of chemotherapy due to drug resistance and other issues, it is crucial to explore the impact of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on these aspects. In this study, tumor samples from nine LUAD patients, of which four only received surgery and five received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, were subjected to scRNA-seq analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
School of Safety Science and Engineering (School of Emergency Management), Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
To enhance the energy release of Al powder in solid propellant, ploy (difluoroaminomethyl-3-methylethoxybutane) (PDF), which has difluoroamino (NF), was utilized to improve energy and promote combustion efficiency. In this study, Al with three distinct powder sizes (29 μm, 13 μm, and 1~3 μm) was coated with PDF using the solvent/non-solvent method, leading to the formation of Al/PDF composites. The morphology and characteristics of Al/PDF were then characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Bull (Beijing)
December 2024
Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address:
Although ignition had been achieved at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), recent observations of the experiments indicate novel physics that beyond theoretical predictions emerge, e.g., the neutron analysis of experiments has revealed deviations from the Maxwellian distributions in ion relative kinetic energies of burning plasmas, with the surprising emergence of supra-thermal deuterium and tritium (DT) ions that fall outside the predictions of macroscopic statistical hydrodynamic models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
December 2024
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
Recent fusion breakeven [Abu-Shawareb et al., Phys. Rev.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
November 2024
School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
1-Methylnaphthalene is a critical component for constructing fuel surrogates of diesel and aviation kerosene. However, the reaction pathways of 1-methylnaphthalene included in existing detailed chemical kinetic models vary from each other, leading to discrepancies in the simulation of ignition and oxidation processes. In the present study, reaction classes and pathways involved in the combustion of 1-methylnaphthalene were analyzed, and effects of rate constants of reactions related to 1-methylnaphthalene and its significant intermediates on ignition delay times and species concentration profiles were discussed, involving hydrogen abstraction and substitution reactions of 1-methylnaphthalene, oxidation, isomerization, and addition reactions of 1-naphthylmethyl, hydrogen abstraction and oxidation reactions of indene, as well as the oxidation of indenyl and naphthalene.
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