Brain diseases represent a considerable social and economic burden in Europe. With yearly costs of about 800 billion euros and an estimated 179 million people afflicted in 2010, brain diseases are an unquestionable emergency and a grand challenge for neuroscientists.
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Sudden Vision Loss: A Diagnostic Approach.
Am Fam Physician
January 2025
Western University Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Vision loss affects more than 7 million Americans and impacts quality of life, independence, social functioning, and overall health. Common and dangerous conditions causing sudden vision loss include acute angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinal artery occlusion, giant cell arteritis, and optic neuritis. Acute angle-closure glaucoma features ocular pain, headache, and nausea; treatment includes pilocarpine eye drops, oral or intravenous acetazolamide, and intravenous mannitol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative Assessment of the Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease on Plasma P-Tau217 Concentrations.
Neurology
February 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Background And Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to be associated with increased plasma phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) concentrations, potentially confounding the utility of plasma p-tau217 measurements as a marker of amyloid pathology in individuals with suspected Alzheimer disease (AD). In this study, we quantitatively investigate the relationship of plasma p-tau217 concentrations vs estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in individuals with CKD with and without amyloid pathology.
Methods: This was a retrospective examination of data from 2 observational cohorts from either the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging or the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohorts.
Progression of Amyloid Accumulation in Late Adulthood Among People With Childhood-Onset Epilepsy.
Neurology
February 2025
Departments of Child Neurology and General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.
Background And Objectives: Previous research has demonstrated increased brain amyloid plaque load in individuals with childhood-onset epilepsy in late middle age. However, the trajectory of this process is not yet known. The aim of this study was to determine whether individuals with a history of childhood-onset epilepsy show progressive brain aging in amyloid accumulation in late adulthood (Turku Adult Childhood-Onset Epilepsy study, TACOE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Its Correlations With Progressive Neurodegeneration.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney.
Background And Objectives: Despite the absence of acute lesion activity in multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic neurodegeneration continues to progress, and a potential underlying mechanism could be the kynurenine pathway (KP). Prolonged activation of the KP from chronic inflammation is known to exacerbate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through the production of neurotoxic metabolites. Among the 8 KP metabolites, six of them, namely kynurenine (KYN), 3-hydroxylkynurenine (3HK), anthranilic acid (AA), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN), have been associated with neurodegeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConformational Antibodies to Proteolipid Protein-1 and Its Peripheral Isoform DM20 in Patients With CNS Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Neuroimmunology Laboratory and Neuroimmunology Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Background And Objectives: Antibodies to proteolipid protein-1 (PLP1-IgG), a major central myelin protein also expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) as the isoform DM20, have been previously identified mostly in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with unclear clinical implications. However, most studies relied on nonconformational immunoassays and included few patients with non-MS CNS autoimmune demyelinating disorders (ADDs). We aimed to investigate conformational PLP1-IgG in the whole ADD spectrum.
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