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Ecological and demographic drivers of kin-directed cooperation in a social bird: Insights from a long-term study.
J Anim Ecol
January 2025
Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
The evolution of sociality is one of the major evolutionary transitions in the history of life and a key step in this transition is the occurrence of kin associations. Yet, the question of what demographic processes and environmental factors generate kin-structured populations and drive kin-directed cooperation remains open. In this review, we synthesise 30 years of studies of the long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus, which has a kin-selected cooperative breeding system with redirected help: failed breeders may help to raise offspring of conspecifics, typically relatives, breeding nearby.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Use of Smartwatches and Activity Trackers for Health-Related Purposes for Children Aged 5 to 11 years: Systematic Review.
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Background: Digital health interventions targeting behavior change are promising in adults and adolescents; however, less attention has been given to younger children. The proliferation of wearables, such as smartwatches and activity trackers, that support the collection of and reflection on personal health data highlights an opportunity to consider novel approaches to supporting health in young children (aged 5-11 y).
Objective: This review aims to investigate how smartwatches and activity trackers have been used across child health interventions (for children aged 5-11 y) for different health areas, specifically to identify the population characteristics of those being targeted, describe the characteristics of the devices being used, and report the feasibility and acceptability of these devices for health-related applications with children.
[The many ways flowers send signals to pollinators].
Biol Aujourdhui
January 2025
Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Paris, France - Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
The evolutionary success of angiosperms, which make up more than 95 percent of the world's terrestrial flora, is largely based on their interactions with animal pollinators. Indeed, it is estimated that, on average, 87.5 percent of flowering plants are pollinated by animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAspergillosis in 41 wild bird species in the eastern United States: a 22-year retrospective review.
J Vet Diagn Invest
January 2025
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Aspergillosis is the most commonly and widely reported fungal infection in birds. Disease development is often secondary to stressors that cause immunocompromise, and it is typically regarded as a disease of captivity. We retrospectively evaluated data from 133 birds diagnosed with aspergillosis at the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study from 2001-2023 to assess diversity and relative frequency across avian taxa, gross and histologic lesion patterns, and comorbidities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of different environmental enrichment tools to improve behavior, welfare, and growth performance of broiler chickens.
Trop Anim Health Prod
January 2025
Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of various environmental enrichment (EE) tools on broiler growth, welfare, behavior, carcass, and meat quality. A total of 300 commercial broilers were randomly divided into 05 treatments. The treatments include various EE tools such as perches, balls, hanging bottles, and laser lights placed for birds and a control group.
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