Background: The objective of this study is to assess the safety and preventative effects of aminophylline on the incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD) in very premature infants.
Methods: This was a long follow-up randomized clinical trial. The prophylactic effect of aminophylline on the incidence of CLD was investigated in very premature infants. The study group received aminophylline for the 1(st) 10 days of life and control infants received no aminophylline during the 1(st) 10 days of life.
Results: Fifty-two infants participated (26 aminophylline, 26 controls). Premature infants on aminophylline had clearly shorter oxygen dependency time than those in the control group. Median time of oxygen dependency was 3 (0-9.5) days and 14 (3-40.5) days in group A and C, respectively (P: 0.001). Incidence of CLD was significantly different between the two groups. Only two infants (8.7%) on aminophylline developed CLD, when compared to 11 infants (44.0%), who did not receive aminophylline (P: 0.006). No side-effects were reported in the neonates (P: 1).
Conclusions: This study supports the preventative effects of aminophylline on the incidence of CLD in very premature infants. In other words, the more premature the infants, the greater will be the preventative effect of aminophylline on the incidence of CLD.
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Malays J Pathol
December 2024
Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Ministry of Health, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Introduction: To determine the epidemiology of blood culture-positive late-onset sepsis (LOS, >72 hours of age) in 44 Malaysian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Materials And Methods: Study Design: Multicentre retrospective observational study using data from the Malaysian National Neonatal Registry.
Participants: 739486 neonates (birthweight ≥500g, gestation ≥22 weeks) born and admitted in 2015-2020.
Sci Rep
December 2024
The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
To investigate the effects of early-onset sepsis (EOS) on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely premature infants (EPIs) by using propensity score matching (PSM). Clinical data of 591 EPIs admitted to NICU, Senior Department of Pediatric, PLA General Hospital from May 1, 2015 to May 1, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into an EOS group and a non-EOS group according to whether they had confirmed EOS or not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurology
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Early detection of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) using brain MRI in young children presenting with drug-resistant epilepsy may facilitate prompt surgical treatment, resulting in better control of seizures and decreased associated cognitive difficulties. Characteristics of FCD described in the literature are predominantly based on MRI findings in a fully myelinated brain; therefore, changes occurring during early brain maturation are not well known. In this case report, we describe distinct MRI features of a FCD visualized best before completion of myelination of the cortex and subcortical white matter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVestn Otorinolaringol
December 2024
Mendeleev Russian University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia.
A group of Russian specialists dealing with the problems of auditory function in premature babies touches upon important issues of early detection of hearing loss and deafness in this contingent of children born before the date of physiological birth. The purpose of the article was to argue the need for a personalized approach to the diagnosis of auditory function in premature and full-term babies depending on the timing of gestation and their somatic state at the time of birth, as well as the comprehensive rehabilitation of children with hearing loss and deafness. The article describes the advantages of the previously developed computer program Multiplicity of audiological monitoring in children of the first year of life with risk factors for hearing loss and deafness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVestn Otorinolaringol
December 2024
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Unlabelled: The acoustic reflex is a physiological protective mechanism of the sound-conducting system of the auditory analyzer, which allows to identify various retrocochlear lesions of the human auditory system. The absence of its registration may indicate both pathology and immaturity of the auditory analyzer in children of the first year of life.
Objective: To register the acoustic reflex in children of the first year of life, to identify a full-fledged acoustic reflex at various frequencies and to analyze the dependence of its appearance on the timing of gestation.
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