Lithium potassium borate (LKB) glasses co-doped with TiO2 and MgO were prepared using the melt quenching technique. The glasses were cut into transparent chips and exposed to gamma rays of (60)Co to study their thermoluminescence (TL) properties. The TL glow curve of the Ti-doped material featured a single prominent peak at 230 °C. Additional incorporation of MgO as a co-activator enhanced the TL intensity threefold. LKB:Ti,Mg is a low-Z material (Z(eff)=8.89) with slow signal fading. Its radiation sensitivity is 12 times lower that the sensitivity of TLD-100. The dose response is linear at doses up to 10(3) Gy. The trap parameters, such as the kinetics order, activation energy, and frequency factor, which are related to the glow peak, were determined using TolAnal software.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.05.023 | DOI Listing |
Chem Asian J
January 2025
University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, AUSTRALIA.
The activation mechanism of Li-rich cathode has been discussed for many years, yet there is still debate on different theories. Potassium doping can assist the investigation on activation mechanism through its unique function in terms of blocking TM migration during activation. K-doping works by occupying Li sites even after Li has been extracted, increasing stability by blocking transition metals from migrating into these sites, which can help us distinguish the pathway of activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Chem Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey.
Although lithium (LIT) therapy is key in managing bipolar disorder long-term, prolonged use significantly contributes to acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI). This study examined whether combining Silymarin (SIL) with Vitamin C (Vit C) enhances protection against lithium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, comparing their individual antioxidant effects as well. Rats subjected to Li exposure were provided with a standard commercial diet supplemented with 80 mmol LiCl per kilogram for 28 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have attracted significant attention in recent years as a result of the urgent necessity to develop sustainable, low-cost batteries based on non-critical raw materials that are competitive with market-available lithium-ion batteries. KIBs are excellent candidates, as they offer the possibility of providing high power and energy densities due to their faster K diffusion and very close reduction potential compared with Li/Li. However, research on KIBs is still in its infancy, and hence, more investigation is required both at the materials level and at the device level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanotechnology
January 2025
Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND.
In the post-lithium-ion battery era, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been considered as a promising candidate because of their electrochemical and economic characteristics. However, as an emerging electrochemical storage technology, it is urgent to develop capable anode materials that can be produced at low cost and on a large scale to promote its practical application. Biomass-derived carbon materials as anodes of PIBs exhibit strong competitiveness by their merits of low weight, high stability, non-toxicity, and wide availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGreen Chem
December 2024
KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry Celestijnenlaan 200F P.O. box 2404 B-3001 Leuven Belgium
Direct lithium extraction (DLE) from natural surface and geothermal brines is very challenging due to the low ratio of lithium to other metals, and the lack of suitable materials that bind lithium with sufficiently high selectivity. In this paper, a synergistic solvent extraction system is described that comprises a liquid ion exchanger (saponified bis(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphoric acid) and a lithium-selective ligand (2,9-dibutyl-1,10-phenanthroline) in an aliphatic diluent. The extraction mechanism was investigated and was confirmed to involve the binding of lithium to the selective ligand, while the liquid ion exchanger facilitates the transfer of metal ions from the aqueous to the organic phase.
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