We propose a new type of Faraday isolator with compensation of the azimuthally symmetric component of polarization distortions by means of magnetic field inhomogeneity. The depolarization was attenuated in experiments by a factor of 7.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.003486 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
January 2025
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Type-II multiferroicity from non-collinear spin order is recently explored in the van der Waals material NiI. Despite the importance for improper ferroelectricity, the microscopic mechanism of the helimagnetic order remains poorly understood. Here, the magneto-structural phases of NiI are investigated using resonant magnetic X-ray scattering (RXS) and X-ray diffraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2025
Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool limited by low sensitivity due to low nuclear spin polarization. Hyperpolarization techniques, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, significantly enhance sensitivity, enabling real-time tracking of cellular metabolism. However, traditional high-field NMR systems and bioreactor platforms pose challenges, including the need for specialized equipment and fixed sample volumes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemphyschem
January 2025
University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, BELGIUM.
The [4+2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction between 2,5-DMF (1) and ethylene derivatives (2a-h) activated by electron-withdrawing groups has been studied at the density functional theory levels using a panoply of tools to unravel the reaction mechanisms. From the analysis of the reactivity indices, 2a-h behave as electrophiles while 1 as nucleophile, and the activation of the double bond of ethylene increases its electrophilicity, which is accompanied by an enhancement of the polarity of the reaction. The activation Gibbs free energy decreases linearly as a function of this increase of polarity, as estimated by the electrophilicity difference between the reactants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066, India.
The structural and electronic changes are investigated in a 3D hybrid perovskite, methylhydrazinium lead chloride (MHyPbCl) from a host/guest perspective as it transitions from a highly polar to less polar phase upon cooling, using first-principles calculations. The two phases vary structurally in the guest (MHy) orientation and the two differently distorted host (lead halide) layers. These findings highlight the critical role of guest reorientation in reducing host distortion at high temperatures, making the former the primary order parameter for the transition, a notable contrast to the case of other hybrid perovskites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosc Res Tech
January 2025
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
The current study provides the first ultrastructural observations on the intraerythrocytic stages of so-called Haemogregarina damiettae and their cytopathological effects on the infected erythrocytes (IEs) in addition to the recording of new morphometric data. The intraerythrocytic stages are attributed to the immature forms or trophozoites (Ts), and mature gamonts (Gs). Ts are typically bowling-bottle shaped with nucleus (TN) occupying its globose part, while Gs are typically banana- shaped.
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