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Blind Brush Biopsy: Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus and Its Host DNA Methylation in the Detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Research (Wash D C)
September 2024
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China.
Article Synopsis
- The study validated a blind brush sampling technique for collecting nasopharyngeal samples without the need for endoscopy, making it easier to use in community settings.
- It identified key methylation markers from the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and host genome that can help diagnose nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
- The diagnostic method demonstrated high sensitivity (84.62%) and specificity (98.44%) when combining the EBV marker BILF2 with the host marker IMPA2, showcasing its potential for wider application in nonclinical NPC screening.
Oral SARS-CoV-2 host responses predict the early COVID-19 disease course.
Sci Rep
September 2024
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Oral fluids provide ready detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and host responses. This study sought to evaluate relationships between oral virus, oral and systemic anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, and symptoms. Oral fluids (saliva/throat wash (saliva/TW)) and serum were collected from asymptomatic and symptomatic, nasopharyngeal (NP) SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR+ human participants (n = 45).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPneumococcal carriage and disease in adults in England 2011-2019: the importance of adults as a reservoir for pneumococcus in communities.
J Infect Dis
July 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Background: Pneumococcal carriage in children has been extensively studied, but carriage in healthy adults and its relationship to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is less understood.
Methods: Nasal wash samples from adults without close contact with young children (Liverpool, UK), 2011-2019, were cultured, and culture-negative samples tested by PCR. Pneumococcal carriage in adults 18-44 years was compared with carriage among PCV-vaccinated children 13-48 months (nasopharyngeal swabs, Thames Valley, UK) and IPD data for England for the same ages for 2014-2019.
Design and Characterization of a New Formulation for the Delivery of COVID-19-mRNA Vaccine to the Nasal Mucosa.
Vaccines (Basel)
April 2024
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore.
Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived from chitin, possesses biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mucoadhesive characteristics, making it an attractive material for the delivery of mRNA payloads to the nasal mucosa and promoting their uptake by target cells such as epithelial and immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells and macrophages).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy of povidone-iodine nasal rinse and mouth wash in COVID-19 management: a prospective, randomized pilot clinical trial (povidone-iodine in COVID-19 management).
BMC Infect Dis
March 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the efficacy of 0.23% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) nasal rinses and mouth washes on detectability of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus and cycle threshold (Ct) values in nasopharyngeal swabs.
Study Design: This was an open-label, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
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