AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze and determine the structure of two multidrug-resistant IncHI1 plasmids (pEQ1 and pEQ2) carrying the blaCTX-M-1 gene from E. coli isolates in a horse clinic in the Czech Republic.
- Researchers sequenced the plasmids using advanced genome sequencing technology and compared them with other known IncHI1 plasmids.
- Results indicated that these plasmids share a high nucleotide identity with other IncHI1 plasmids and contain a new module that helps E. coli metabolize specific sugars, as well as genes linked to antibiotic resistance, suggesting their role in the survival and spread of resistant strains in equine intestinal flora.
Article Abstract
Objectives: To determine the structure of two multidrug-resistant IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 in Escherichia coli isolates disseminated in an equine clinic in the Czech Republic.
Methods: A complete nucleotide sequencing of 239 kb IncHI1 (pEQ1) and 287 kb IncHI1/X1 (pEQ2) plasmids was performed using the 454-Genome Sequencer FLX system. The sequences were compared using bioinformatic tools with other sequenced IncHI1 plasmids.
Results: A comparative analysis of pEQ1 and pEQ2 identified high nucleotide identity with the IncHI1 type 2 plasmids. A novel 24 kb module containing an operon involved in short-chain fructooligosaccharide uptake and metabolism was found in the pEQ backbones. The role of the pEQ plasmids in the metabolism of short-chain fructooligosaccharides was demonstrated by studying the growth of E. coli cells in the presence of these sugars. The module containing the blaCTX-M-1 gene was formed by a truncated macrolide resistance cluster and flanked by IS26 as previously observed in IncI1 and IncN plasmids. The IncHI1 plasmid changed size and gained the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 as a result of IS26-mediated fusion with an IncX1 plasmid.
Conclusions: Our data highlight the structure and evolution of IncHI1 from equine E. coli. A plasmid-mediated sugar metabolic element could play a key role in strain fitness, contributing to the successful dissemination and maintenance of these plasmids in the intestinal microflora of horses.
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