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Stromal fibroblasts are predictors of disease-related mortality in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how fibroblasts, the main component of the tumor stroma, influence the growth and spread of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by promoting cancer cell migration and tumor progression.
  • It includes a retrospective analysis of patient data, showing that higher levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the stroma correlate with worse outcomes, such as increased mortality and cancer recurrence.
  • Results from both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the presence of fibroblasts enhances cancer cell invasion and tumor growth, suggesting that targeting the interactions between fibroblasts and cancer cells could lead to new cancer treatments.

Article Abstract

The growth, invasiveness and metastasis of human cancers are determined not only by cancer cells, but also by their microenvironment. Activated stromal fibroblasts promote tumor progression by secreting growth factors. In the present study, we focused on interrelations between cancer and fibroblasts, the main component of tumor stroma. We retrospectively analyzed the relations of mortality to clinical, pathological, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) characteristics in 97 consecutive patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In vitro, we used TE-11, KYSE150 and KYSE220 ESCC cell lines and isolated esophageal stromal fibroblasts, some of which were immortalized. Migration assays were conducted to assess the effects of fibroblasts on cancer-cell migration and 3-dimensional organotypic cultures. In vivo, TE-11 and KYSE220 cells plus immortalized fibroblasts were co-transplanted subcutaneously in Nod/Scid mice to assess the effects of fibroblasts on tumorigenicity. Clinicopathologically, the α-SMA expression of cancer stroma was correlated with venous invasion (p<0.01), nodal involvement (p=0.02), recurrence (p=0.01), and was a predictor of survival in patients with stage I and II ESCC (p=0.04). In vitro, the presence of fibroblasts strongly promoted the migration of TE-11, KYSE150 and KYSE220 cells. On organotypic culture, stromal invasion was observed only in the presence of immortalized fibroblasts. In vivo, tumors developed or grew in a fibroblast‑dependent manner after implantation. Our findings provide evidence that stromal fibroblasts and tumor cells interact to promote tumor progression in ESCC. In patients with earlier stage ESCC, α-SMA may be a predictor of mortality. Inhibition of paracrine systems associated with tumor fibroblasts may slow or reverse tumor progression, potentially leading to the development of new targeted therapies.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3216DOI Listing

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