This cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory study investigated the prevalence and profile of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) users amongst a convenience sample of 510 bodybuilders from 52 gyms, in João Pessoa, Brazil, with a structured questionnaire containing selected questions about socioeconomic and training variables on the use of AAS. Data were analyzed using frequency and chi-square tests. AAS prevalence use was 20.6%; mostly young men (98.1%), of a low education level (46.7%), who trained for more than 4 years (49.5%). The use of AAS was related to the use of dietary supplements. About 81% of consumed AAS consisted of Deca-Durabolin, Winstrol, and Sustanon. Study's limitations are noted.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2014.912062 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Real-Time Observation of Clickable Cyanotoxin Synthesis in Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria and .
Toxins (Basel)
December 2024
Research Department for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondseestrasse 9, 5310 Mondsee, Austria.
Recently, the use of click chemistry for localization of chemically modified cyanopeptides has been introduced, i.e., taking advantage of promiscuous adenylation (A) domains in non-ribosomal peptide synthesis (NRPS), allowing for the incorporation of clickable non-natural amino acids (non-AAs) into their peptide products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Anion-Conducting Electrolytes in Pore-Filling Membranes on Performance and Durability in Water Electrolysis.
Membranes (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Green Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 31066, Republic of Korea.
This study examines the effect of the structural characteristics of anion-conducting monomers within pore-filling anion exchange membranes on the performance and durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. Analysis reveals that acrylamide- and acrylate-based membranes show optimal performance without methyl groups, with acrylamide-based membranes outperforming their acrylate counterparts in current density, particularly at 1.8 V.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of Altmetric Attention Scores in Evaluating the Influence of Spine Surgery Research.
Clin Spine Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort.
Objective: To analyze the annual trends in the most prevalent topics, journals, and geographic regions of the top 100 spine surgery articles, as determined by altmetric attention scores (AASs). We also describe the relationship between AAS and traditional article metrics.
Ecological features of upriver migration in Kitakami River chum salmon and their connection to aerobic thermal performance.
Conserv Physiol
December 2024
Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
The physiological performance of ectotherms is influenced by temperature, raising concerns about the impact of global warming on ectotherms. Understanding the relationship between ecologically relevant temperatures and the physiological performance of ectotherms provides a basis for assessing their resilience to changing environments. Absolute aerobic scope (AAS) is a functional metric of the thermal performance of aquatic ectotherms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFeed additives for methane mitigation: Recommendations for testing enteric methane-mitigating feed additives in ruminant studies.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, AU Viborg - Research Centre Foulum, 8830 Tjele, Denmark. Electronic address:
There is a need for rigorous and scientifically-based testing standards for existing and new enteric methane mitigation technologies, including antimethanogenic feed additives (AMFA). The current review provides guidelines for conducting and analyzing data from experiments with ruminants intended to test the antimethanogenic and production effects of feed additives. Recommendations include study design and statistical analysis of the data, dietary effects, associative effect of AMFA with other mitigation strategies, appropriate methods for measuring methane emissions, production and physiological responses to AMFA, and their effects on animal health and product quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!