The respiratory flow is a good indicator of sleep-related breathing disorders. Common praxis is to use a pneumotachograph as the golden standard for flow measurement. However, it does not have to be necessarily the best possible test device for long-term condition, because the device is very uncomfortable and rarely suitable for measurement during sleep. A computer-based method to determine the respiratory flow, called ThorAKUSTIK, yielded a highly positive correlation between the calculated flow out of the tracheal breath sound and a measured flow signal. In order to avoid noise interference due to a breath-mask or a pneumotachograph, in this study we applied the ThorAKUSTIK-method to lung sound which was measured at the back of 18 subjects and investigated the correlation between the calculated flow and the measured flow by a pneumotachograph. The new method showed a highly positive correlation (r = 0.89 and 0.90). Additionally we examined the use of an accelerometer signal to distinguish between inspiration and expiration. In this case we got high correlation coefficients of r = 0.87 and 0.88 between the calculated and measured airflow as well.
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Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Acute Care, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Background: As iatrogenic hyperoxia has been related to adverse outcomes in critically ill patients, guidelines advise to titrate oxygen to physiological levels. In the prehospital setting where partial arterial oxygen (PaO) values are often not readily available, titration of oxygen is based on peripheral oxygen saturations (SpO2). In this study we aimed to investigate the efficacy of SpO guided oxygen titration in the prevention of hyperoxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Voice
January 2025
Department of Statistics, Purdue University, Mathematical Sciences Building, 150 N. University Street, Room 231, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Background: Methods to elicit the vital capacity (VC) include forced vital capacity (FVC) and slow vital capacity (SVC). Because the FVC maneuver can be affected by air trapping or inefficiencies in lung emptying vs. the SVC, the SVC-FVC difference may be substantial and diagnostically meaningful in elderly individuals and patients with respiratory obstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerg Med J
January 2025
UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Background: Rapid identification of individuals with acute respiratory infections is crucial for preventing nosocomial infections. For rapid diagnosis, especially in EDs, lateral flow devices (LFDs) are a convenient, inexpensive option with a rapid turnaround. Several 'multiplex' LFDs (M-LFDs) now exist, testing for multiple pathogens from a single swab sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntern Med
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Japan.
A 51-year-old woman with persistent proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells in her peripheral blood was diagnosed with NK-large granular lymphocytic leukemia (NK-LGLL). During follow-up, computed tomography revealed multiple infiltrative pulmonary lesions. A flow cytometric analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed infiltration of NK cells, resulting in a diagnosis of pulmonary infiltration by NK-LGLL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
In prednisone-dependent severe asthma, uncontrolled sputum eosinophilia is associated with increased numbers of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). These cells represent a relatively steroid-insensitive source of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13 and are considered critical drivers of asthma pathology. The abundance of ILC subgroups in severe asthma with neutrophilic or mixed granulocytic (both eosinophilic and neutrophilic) airway inflammation, prone to recurrent infective exacerbations, remains unclear.
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