A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_session3p7eqfe9bfckkpb77l8vrp7d1fh84feb): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Detail_model.php

Line Number: 71

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 8919

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Physiological roles of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone signaling in the control of mammalian reproductive axis: studies in the NPFF1 receptor null mouse. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

RF-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), the mammalian ortholog of the avian gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone (GnIH), operates via the NPFF1 receptor (NPFF1R) to repress the reproductive axis, therefore acting as counterpart of the excitatory RF-amide peptide, kisspeptin (ligand of Gpr54). In addition, RFRP-3 modulates feeding and might contribute to the integrative control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. Yet, the experimental evidence supporting these putative functions is mostly indirect, and the physiological roles of RFRP-3 remain debatable and obscured by the lack of proper analytical tools and models. To circumvent these limitations, we characterize herein the first mouse line with constitutive inactivation of NPFF1R. Ablation of NPFF1R did not compromise fertility; rather, litters from NPFF1R null mice were larger than those from wild-type animals. Pubertal timing was not altered in NPFF1R deficient mice; yet, pre-pubertal knockout (KO) males displayed elevated LH levels, which normalized after puberty. Adult NPFF1R null male mice showed increased Kiss1 expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, higher serum FSH levels, and enhanced LH responses to GnRH. However, genetic elimination of NPFF1R was unable to reverse the state of hypogonadism caused by the lack of kisspeptin signaling, as revealed by double NPFF1R/Gpr54 KO mice. NPFF1R null mice displayed altered feedback responses to gonadal hormone withdrawal. In addition, metabolic challenges causing gonadotropin suppression, such as short-term fasting and high-fat diet, were less effective in dampening LH secretion in NPFF1R-deficient male mice, suggesting that absence of this inhibitory pathway partially prevented gonadotropin suppression by metabolic stress. Our data are the first to document the impact of elimination of GnIH signaling on reproductive parameters and their modulation by metabolic challenges. Whereas, in keeping with its inhibitory role, the NPFF1R pathway seems dispensable for preserved puberty and fertility, our results surface different alterations due to the lack of GnIH signaling that prominently include changes in the sensitivity to fasting- and obesity-associated hypogonadotropism.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2014-1030DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

npff1r null
12
npff1r
9
physiological roles
8
reproductive axis
8
npff1 receptor
8
null mice
8
male mice
8
metabolic challenges
8
gonadotropin suppression
8
gnih signaling
8

Similar Publications

Sex-Biased Physiological Roles of NPFF1R, the Canonical Receptor of RFRP-3, in Food Intake and Metabolic Homeostasis Revealed by its Congenital Ablation in mice.

Metabolism

October 2018

Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; FiDiPro Program, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Electronic address:

Background: RF-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), the mammalian ortholog of gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone, operates as inhibitory signal for the reproductive axis. Recently, RFRP-3 has been also suggested to stimulate feeding, and therefore might contribute to the control of body weight and its alterations. Yet, characterization of the metabolic actions of RFRP-3 has been so far superficial and mostly pharmacological.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

RF-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), the mammalian ortholog of the avian gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone (GnIH), operates via the NPFF1 receptor (NPFF1R) to repress the reproductive axis, therefore acting as counterpart of the excitatory RF-amide peptide, kisspeptin (ligand of Gpr54). In addition, RFRP-3 modulates feeding and might contribute to the integrative control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. Yet, the experimental evidence supporting these putative functions is mostly indirect, and the physiological roles of RFRP-3 remain debatable and obscured by the lack of proper analytical tools and models.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!