Molecular switches gate many fundamental processes in natural and artificial systems. Here, we report the development of an electrochemical platform in which a proton carrier switches the activity of a catalyst. By incorporating an alkyl phosphate in the lipid layer of a hybrid bilayer membrane, we regulate proton transport to a Cu-based molecular oxygen reduction reaction catalyst. To construct this hybrid bilayer membrane system, we prepare an example of a synthetic Cu oxygen reduction reaction catalyst that forms a self-assembled monolayer on Au surfaces. We then embed this Cu catalyst inside a hybrid bilayer membrane by depositing a monolayer of lipid on the self-assembled monolayer. We envisage that this electrochemical system can give a unique mechanistic insight not only into the oxygen reduction reaction, but into proton-coupled electron transfer in general.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3974 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Shenzhen University, Chemistry, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, CHINA.
The high entropy alloy (HEA) possesses distinctive thermal stability and electronic characteristics, which exhibits substantial potential for diverse applications in electrocatalytic reactions. However, accurately controlling the size of HEA still remains a challenge, especially for the ultrasmall HEA nanoparticles. Herein, we firstly calculate and illustrate the size impact on the electronic structure of HEA and the adsorption energies of crucial intermediates in typical electrocatalytic reactions, such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) and NO3- electroreduction (NO3RR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, jinzhai road, hefei, CHINA.
Herein, we first report a photocatalytic OCM using CO2 as a soft oxidant for C2H6 production under mild conditions, where an efficient photocatalyst with unique interface sites is constructed to facilitate CO2 adsorption and activation, while concurrently boosting CH4 dissociation. As a prototype, the Au quantum dots anchored on oxygen-deficient TiO2 nanosheets are fabricated, where the Au-Vo-Ti interface sites for CO2 adsorption and activation are collectively disclosed by in situ Kelvin probe force microscopy, quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Compared with single metal site, the Au-Vo-Ti interface sites exhibit the lower CO2 adsorption energy and decrease the energy barrier of the *CO2 hydrogenation step from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Care
December 2024
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Regional University Hospital of Montpellier, St-Eloi Hospital, PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR, University of Montpellier, 9214, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Background: Ultra-protective ventilation is the combination of low airway pressures and tidal volume (Vt) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR). A recent large study showed no benefit of ultra-protective ventilation compared to standard ventilation in ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) patients. However, the reduction in Vt failed to achieve the objective of less than or equal to 3 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
High glucose (HG) induced endothelial senescence is related to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients. Humanin, a member of mitochondrial derived peptides (MDPs), is thought to contribute to aging-related cardiovascular protection. The goal of the study is to explore the pathogenesis of HG-induced endothelial senescence and potential anti-senescent effects of Humanin.
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December 2024
School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
This study optimizes V and ΔV in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) field-effect transistors (FETs) by examining the influence of both channel length (L) and Ga composition. It was observed that as the ratio of In: Ga: Zn changed from 1:1:1 to 0.307:0.
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