Male "clam shrimps" possess highly modified first (and second) trunk limbs for clasping the carapace of females during copulation. Claspers are present in all three clam shrimp taxa (Laevicaudata, Spinicaudata, and Cyclestherida) but despite striking similarities in their morphology and function, the matter of their homology is controversial. In this study, we address the question of the homology and evolution of these structures by comparing the developmental transformation of an unspecialized trunk limb into a clasper. In addition, we study the musculature and the nervous system in trunk limbs and claspers using confocal laser scanning microscopy. We establish that most (but not all) of the various parts of the claspers are homologous between clam shrimp taxa. We suggest that a single pair of claspers was already present in the ground pattern of Diplostraca, probably most comparable to those in Cyclestherida. The claspers, therefore, do not represent a case of analogy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.22574 | DOI Listing |
Physiol Behav
January 2025
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, University College London, UK.
The ageing population has increased the attention on care services for older people, particularly concerning their health and thermal comfort. However, most existing studies focus on the overall thermal comfort of older people, with insufficient research into their local thermal needs for different body parts, impeding precise thermal adjustments and optimal thermal satisfaction. This study investigated the local thermal comfort and skin temperature of older people under various environmental conditions.
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Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Pondicherry, India.
Case Rep Dermatol Med
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Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Amana Regional Referral Hospital, Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the gene. It is marked by distinctive skin abnormalities, including armor-like thickened scales separated by deep fissures. This condition is infrequently reported in the African population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Introduction: This article reports a detailed case of a patient with who exhibited epileptic status and dermatologic symptoms.
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J Neuroeng Rehabil
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Luzerner Kantonsspital, University, Teaching and Research Hospital, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
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