Within the context of the return to democracy, the new constitution enacted in 1988 transformed health into an individual right and initiated the process of creating a public, universal and decentralized health system, profoundly altering the organization of public health in Brazil. This article discusses the main institutional, political and social aspects of this health reform, along with the changes, the continuities and the major initiatives, based on the literature published by the most widely read authors in this field of study. Without purporting to offer an exhaustive analysis, we discuss how the historiography written by authors who were also actors in the process assess its main features, along with the genesis of the process and the legacy of health reform in Brazil.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702014000100002 | DOI Listing |
In this article, we examine the relationship between the World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR) and human rights and its implications for IHR reform, considering the evolution of human rights in the 2005 IHR, the role of human rights in IHR reforms and the implications of these reforms in key domains including equity and solidarity, medical countermeasures, core capacities, travel restrictions, vaccine certificates, social measures, accountability, and financing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Respir Res
January 2025
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with a historically high treatment burden which causes anxiety and exhaustion for parents of children with CF, especially in the early years of a child's life. Recently, a new medication, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), has become available to some people with CF, which has had a significant impact on the quality of life of older children and adults. This medication will soon be available for children ages 2-5 in the UK.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine
January 2025
Vaccines for Africa Initiative, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: Migrant populations may be highly susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) due to factors such as mobility, legal status, and systemic health inequities. We explore systemic barriers to equitable immunisation services for migrant children and adolescents worldwide.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, with guidance from Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.
Med Oncol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
Bladder cancer (BC) is a major global health issue with a high recurrence rate and limited effective treatments. Over the past few years, it has become evident that miRNAs play a role in the carcinogenesis process, particularly in regulating genes that promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion. This review focuses on the extent to which natural products can act as potential miRNA modulators for the management of bladder cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Policy Plan
January 2025
Results for Development (R4D), Nigeria Country Office, 2nd Floor, 12 TOS Benson Crescent off Okonjo-Iweala Way, Utako, Abuja, Nigeria; Email:
This article explores the ideologies, interests, and institutions affecting health policymaking in Nigeria, and the role of the private sector therein. It covers the period from the late-1950s, the years leading up to independence, to 2014, when the country enacted its first-ever law to govern its healthcare system. The National Health Act (NHAct) was adopted after a decade of preparation and civil society-driven advocacy, making the objective of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) explicit.
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