AI Article Synopsis
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HF-PEF) is a condition that can cause lung problems and usually affects older people with high blood pressure or other risk factors.
- The researchers studied older rats with high blood pressure to see how their hearts were working using different tests like ECGs and blood pressure measurements.
- They found that these rats showed signs of heart problems like difficulty relaxing and changes in heart structure, but their heart's ability to pump blood remained okay, making them a good model for future heart medicine studies.
Article Abstract
Objective: Heart failure with preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction (HF-PEF) is an entity leading to pulmonary congestion because of impaired diastolic filling. This syndrome usually strikes those who have experienced a long history of hypertension or metabolic risk factors. Pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood, and standard therapy is not established. Relevant preclinical models are still lacking. The aim of this work was to evaluate aging spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as a model of HF-PEF.
Methods: Serial echocardiographic and blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed in 28, 36, 43, 47 and 51-week-old SHRs and their normotensive controls (Wistar-Kyoto rats). In 52-53-week-old animals, final investigations included ECG, invasive left-ventricular (LV) and aortic catheterization, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) plasma concentrations, ventricular reverse transcription-qPCR evaluations (β-myosin heavy chain, atrial natriuretic peptide, BNP, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a and collagens 1a, 3a and 2a) and cardiac histology.
Results: SHRs develop a progressive alteration of the early diastole, some of the echocardiographic parameters being not sensitive to BP reduction by the calcium blocker, nicardipine. The systolic function evaluated by echocardiography and invasive catheterization was preserved. When the observation period was over, an increase in collagen synthesis and deposits were identified in subendocardial layers. This attested a probable myocardial ischemia that was confirmed by ECG changes of the ST segment. BNP increased in the blood and at the mRNA level in the myocardium.
Conclusion: When aging, SHRs progressively develop HF-PEF showed by impaired LV relaxation and hypertrophy, BNP increase but preserved contractility and fibrosis. This model seems pertinent for further pharmacological preclinical studies in the field.
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