An endophytic fungus was isolated from surface sterilized leaf segments of an orchid endemic to Sri Lanka, and was identified as sp. by morphological characters and DNA sequencing. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of the organic extract of a laboratory culture of this fungus led to the isolation of the known antibacterial helvolic acid. Helvolic acid was active against the Gram-positive bacteria, [minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), 2 μg mL] and methicillin-resistant (MIC, 4 μg mL).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2014.892905 | DOI Listing |
J Fungi (Basel)
April 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
In 1999, the first biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC), synthesizing the virulence factor DHN melanin, was characterized in . Since then, 19 additional BGCs have been linked to specific secondary metabolites (SMs) in this species. Here, we provide a comprehensive timeline of BGC discovery and find that initial advances centered around the commonly expressed SMs where chemical structure informed rationale identification of the producing BGC (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Drugs
February 2024
ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
An unreported prenylated indole derivative hydroxytakakiamide () was isolated, together with the previously described ergosterol (), ergosterol acetate (), and (3)-3-(1-indol-3-ylmethyl)-3, 4-dihydro-1-1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (), from the column fractions of the crude ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-associated fungus, MMERU 23. The structure of was elucidated by the interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and high-resolution mass spectrum. The absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon in was proposed to be the same as those of the co-occurring congeners on the basis of their biogenetic consideration and was supported by the comparison of its sign of optical rotation with those of its steroisomers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Drugs
November 2023
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
The (MTB) infection causes tuberculosis (TB) and has been a long-standing public-health threat. It is urgent that we discover novel antitubercular agents to manage the increased incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of MTB and tackle the adverse effects of the first- and second-line antitubercular drugs. We previously found that gliotoxin (), 12, 13-dihydroxy-fumitremorgin C (), and helvolic acid () from the cultures of a deep-sea-derived fungus, sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Prod Res
October 2022
State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
Microbiol Spectr
October 2022
Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciencesgrid.9227.e, Shanghai, China.
The nortriterpenoid helvolic acid (HA) has potent antibiotic activities and can be produced by different fungi, yet HA function remains elusive. Here, we report the chemical biology of HA production in the insect pathogen Metarhizium robertsii. After deletion of the core oxidosqualene cyclase gene in Metarhizium, insect survival rates were significantly increased compared to those of insects treated with the wild type and the gene-rescued strain during topical infections but not during injection assays to bypass insect cuticles.
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