AI Article Synopsis
- - Sarcoidosis is a complex immune disease that results in the formation of non-caseating granulomas, with unclear causes potentially linked to infections or environmental factors.
- - The disease's pathogenesis involves pro-inflammatory pathways that activate macrophages, but distinguishing sarcoidosis from other similar diseases remains challenging, highlighting the need for better diagnostic methods.
- - This study introduces a reliable technique that quantifies gene expression from tissue samples, revealing key differences between sarcoidosis and other granulomatous conditions, paving the way for improved diagnostic tools.
Article Abstract
Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated multisystem disease characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas. The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is unclear, with proposed infectious or environmental antigens triggering an aberrant immune response in susceptible hosts. Multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways have been implicated in mediating macrophage activation and granuloma formation in sarcoidosis, including IFN-γ/STAT-1, IL-6/STAT-3, and NF-κB. It is difficult to distinguish sarcoidosis from other granulomatous diseases or assess disease severity and treatment response with histopathology alone. Therefore, development of improved diagnostic tools is imperative. Herein, we describe an efficient and reliable technique to classify granulomatous disease through selected gene expression and identify novel genes and cytokine pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. We quantified the expression of twenty selected mRNAs extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (n = 38) of normal lung, suture granulomas, sarcoid granulomas, and fungal granulomas. Utilizing quantitative real-time RT-PCR we analyzed the expression of several genes, including IL-6, COX-2, MCP-1, IFN-γ, T-bet, IRF-1, Nox2, IL-33, and eotaxin-1 and revealed differential regulation between suture, sarcoidosis, and fungal granulomas. This is the first study demonstrating that quantification of target gene expression in FFPE tissue biopsies is a potentially effective diagnostic and research tool in sarcoidosis.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048782 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.04.006 | DOI Listing |
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