Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, and is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular disease. This cardiovascular risk is incompletely explained by traditional risk factors, calling attention to a need to better understand the pathways in CKD contributing to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Findings: Pathophysiological derangements associated with CKD, including disordered sodium, potassium, and water homeostasis, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic activity, anemia, bone and mineral metabolism, uremia, and toxin accumulation may contribute directly to progression of cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes.

Conclusion: Improving cardiovascular health in patients with CKD requires improved understanding of renocardiac pathophysiology. Ultimately, the most successful strategy may be prevention of incident CKD itself.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2013.12.007DOI Listing

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