Radiotherapy is regarded as one of the most important therapeutic modality for the treatment of malignant lesions. This field is undergoing rapid advancements in the recent times. With the use of radiosensitizers and radioprotective agents, the course of radiotherapy has improved the sensitization of tumor cells and protection of normal cells, respectively. The aim of this paper was to critically review and analyze the available compounds used as radiosensitizers, radioprotectors, and radiation mitigators. For reviewing, the author used the electronic search for the keywords 'Radiosensitizers', 'Radioprotectors', 'Radiation mitigators' on PubMed for inclusion of previously published articles and further search of reference papers on individual radiosensitizing and radioprotecting agents was done. Radiosensitizers are agents that sensitize the tumor cells to radiation. These compounds apparently promote fixation of the free radicals produced by radiation damage at the molecular level. The mechanism of action is similar to the oxygen effect, in which biochemical reactions in the damaged molecules prevent repair of the cellular radiation damage. Free radicals such as OH + are captured by the electron affinity of the radiosensitizers, rendering the molecules incapable of repair. Radioprotectors are compounds that are designed to reduce the damage in normal tissues caused by radiation. These compounds are often antioxidants and must be present before or at the time of radiation for effectiveness. Other agents, termed mitigators, may be used to minimize toxicity even after radiation has been delivered. This article tries to discuss the various aspects of radiosensitizers, radioprotectors, and radiation mitigators including the newer agents.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.131142 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
PATHOGENESIS OF RADIATION COMPLICATIONS IN NORMAL TISSUES SURROUNDING AN IRRADIATED TUMOUR (review).
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine.
The introduction of new radiation technologies in modern radiotherapy of cancer patients is still in some cases associated with the risk of developing early and distant complications in healthy tissues surrounding the tumour. The causes of their occurrence, pathogenesis and radiobiological characteristics are reviewed and briefly described. The rate of the manifestation of complications depends on the radiosensitivity of tissues and is determined by the amount of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new insight on the effects of Schiff Base Iron (III) complexes in breast cancer cells for clinical radiotherapy.
Appl Radiat Isot
December 2024
Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address:
Purpose: Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, and researchers strive to enhance radiotherapy outcomes while minimizing the side effects. Schiff Base Iron (III) Complexes are one of the prospective elements that can be used as radiosensitizer or radioprotective agents in cancer radiotherapy. This study investigates the potential effects of Schiff base (ligand 2; L) with Fe(III) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells under clinical radiotherapy treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShell-by-Shell functionalized nanoparticles as radiosensitizers and radioprotectors in radiation therapy of cancer cells and tumor spheroids.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr.3, Erlangen D-91058, Germany. Electronic address:
Shell-by-Shell (SbS)-functionalized NPs can be tailor-made by combining a metal oxide NP core of choice with any desired phosphonic acids and amphiphiles as 1st or 2nd ligand shell building blocks. The complementary composition of such highly hierarchical structures makes them interesting candidates for various biomedical applications, as certain active ingredients can be incorporated into the structure. Here, we used TiO and CoFeO NPs as drug delivery tools and coated them with a hexadecylphosphonic acid and with hexadecyl ammonium phenolates (caffeate, p-coumarate, ferulate), that possess anticancer as well as antioxidant properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of dietary ingredients on radioprotection and radiosensitization: a comprehensive review.
Ann Med
December 2024
Institute for Radiological Science, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Radiation exposure, particularly from radiotherapy and nuclear accidents, carries serious health risks, but certain dietary ingredients may help protect against these effects.
- This review discusses how various vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants can influence radiation sensitivity, acting as either radioprotectors or radiosensitizers in cancer treatment.
- Promising dietary components like vitamins C and E, selenium, and compounds such as curcumin and resveratrol, can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage, potentially improving the effectiveness of radiation therapy while minimizing side effects.*
Nano-Assisted Radiotherapy Strategies: New Opportunities for Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Research (Wash D C)
July 2024
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type. Over 70% of lung cancer patients require radiotherapy (RT), which operates through direct and indirect mechanisms to treat cancer. However, RT can damage healthy tissues and encounter radiological resistance, making it crucial to enhance its precision to optimize treatment outcomes, minimize side effects, and overcome radioresistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!