One of the key technologies to support mobility of mobile station (MS) in mobile communication systems is location management which consists of location update and paging. In this paper, an improved movement-based location management scheme with two movement thresholds is proposed, considering bursty data traffic characteristics of packet-switched (PS) services. The analytical modeling for location update and paging signaling loads of the proposed scheme is developed thoroughly and the performance of the proposed scheme is compared with that of the conventional scheme. We show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme in terms of total signaling load with an appropriate selection of movement thresholds.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/812657 | DOI Listing |
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Family medicine was recognized as a distinct specialty in India in the early 1980s, but it is at an early stage of implementation. There are few training programs, and little is known about family physicians' training, perceptions, and current practices. This paper describes the findings from the first national survey of family medicine in India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Federal University of the Agreste of Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Brazil.
The proliferation of cyanobacteria has become a significant water management challenge due to the increasing eutrophication of water supply reservoirs. Cyanobacterial blooms thrive on elevated nutrient concentrations and form extensive green mats, disrupting the local ecosystem. Furthermore, many cyanobacterial species can produce toxins that are lethal to vertebrates called cyanotoxins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurgery
January 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background And Objectives: Jugular paragangliomas (JPG) pose a surgical challenge because of their vascularity and complex location. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) offers a minimally invasive management for patients with JPG. Our aim was to evaluate outcomes of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of JPG over the long term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Rural Health
January 2025
Muskie School of Public Service, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine, USA.
Purpose: To address the extent to which Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and independent and provider-based Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) were using telehealth prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare Fee-for-Service beneficiaries who used outpatient services at FQHCs and RHCs were identified within the 2019-2021 5% Medicare Limited Data Set Outpatient and Carrier files. Rural-Urban Continuum Codes were used to identify rural-urban clinic locations.
Front Clin Diabetes Healthc
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and acute complication of diabetes mellitus. In Ethiopia, the mortality associated with acute diabetes complications ranges from 9.8% to 12%.
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