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What's Eating You? Hookworm and Cutaneous Larva Migrans.
Cutis
November 2024
Dr. Bloomquist is from the School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia. Dr. Elston is from the Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Hookworm infection represents a major global disease burden, in terms of both morbidity and economic impact, and there has been a resurgence of hookworms in developed nations where these parasites were once thought to be eradicated. Hookworms can infest humans or other mammals as their primary hosts depending on the species. The 2 most common species that seek human hosts-Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale-enter the body through the epidermis, and hookworm infection may manifest as a pruritic and papular inflammatory reaction know as ground itch.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoinfection of cerebral toxoplasmosis and neurosyphilis as the first manifestation of AIDS.
BMJ Case Rep
September 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
Article Synopsis
- - A 30-something man with newly diagnosed HIV (CD4 count of 292) showed symptoms like headaches and weakness in limbs, alongside a history of skin rashes that had resolved on their own.
- - Imaging tests (CT and MRI) revealed significant brain swelling and two enhancing masses, indicating severe issues possibly related to both cerebral toxoplasmosis and neurosyphilis.
- - The patient received treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and intravenous penicillin G, leading to a full resolution of his symptoms.
Acantholytic Dyskeratoses of the Vulva: Clinicopathologic Characterization of 16 Cases and Review of the Literature.
Int J Gynecol Pathol
August 2024
Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on vulvar acantholytic dyskeratoses, which are rare skin conditions affecting the vulva and perineum, with a goal to improve classification and understanding for gynecologic pathologists.
- Between 1990 and 2023, 16 cases of vulvar acantholytic dyskeratoses were analyzed, mostly affecting women aged 36 to 79, with many presenting asymptomatic or pruritic lesions predominantly on the labia majora.
- Histologically, these conditions showed features like acantholysis, with some patients responding to local excision or corticosteroids; however, no clear distinction was found between sporadic and syndromic cases based on
Key Clinical Message: Although rare, crusted scabies can affect immunocompetent individuals with no identifiable risk factors. A high index of suspicion, regardless of an individual's immunological status or absence of traditional risk factors, should be maintained by health professionals to facilitate prompt referral to a dermatologist.
Abstract: Crusted scabies is an uncommon variant of human scabies characterized by extensive crusted and scaly hyperkeratotic papules, and plaques resulting from profound proliferation of mites in the skin.
Article Synopsis
- A 47-year-old woman with several autoimmune and metabolic conditions presented with a painful skin rash characterized by raised, yellow-centered plaques on sun-exposed areas.
- A biopsy revealed specific histopathological features that led to a diagnosis of annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG), a rare inflammatory skin disorder potentially triggered by sunlight exposure.
- The patient showed significant improvement after being treated with ciclosporin, alleviating symptoms like itching and pain, highlighting the challenges in managing AEGCG, which is often resistant to standard treatments.
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