Purpose: High-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is an infrequent malignant neoplasm originates most commonly in the salivary glands with poor prognosis. Thus far, there is little knowledge on MUC-1 expression in high-grade MEC or how it may relate to patient survival. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of MUC-1 expression in high-grade MEC and correlate expression with clinic outcome.
Methods: Surgical specimens from 62 cases of primary high-grade MEC and 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between MUC-1 expression and the clinicopathological data and patient survival was analyzed.
Results: The disease-free survival rates were 54.6% (3 years) and 37.7% (5 years) for high-grade MEC patients. Patient who with primary location at submandibular gland have the worst prognosis (P = 0.042) in comparing with other sites. High expression of MUC-1 in high-grade MEC was significantly correlated with lymphatic/regional metastasis (P = 0.003) and clinic stage (P = 0.02), and high expression of MUC-1 (>75%) was confirmed to be significant independent prognostic factors in high-grade MEC patients [HR 2.929 (95% CI 1.246-6.881); P < 0.0137].
Conclusions: The findings suggest that high levels of MUC-1 expression may be a potential marker for worse outcome in high-grade MEC and could be used as a new molecule target to improve outcomes for these patients in the future.
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Article Synopsis
- Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the salivary glands, primarily affecting females in their 40s and 50s, with the parotid gland being the most common site.
- The study examined 454 cases, highlighting that 414 patients were alive without relapse after an average of 62 months, while 40 experienced disease progression, often with the lungs as the main site of metastasis.
- Key findings indicate that specific histological gradings are linked to cancer recurrence and spread, with mutations in BAP1 and other genes correlating to aggressive forms of the disease, providing insights for targeted therapies.
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