A general approach to mechanism in multiproduct reactions: product-specific intermolecular kinetic isotope effects.

J Am Chem Soc

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Merced, California 95343, United States.

Published: April 2014

Here we report a general method for the measurement of (13)C kinetic isotope effects at natural abundance for reactions that yield two or more products concurrently. We use, as an example, a recently reported Co-catalyzed reaction between cyclopentene and 1-phenyl-1-propyne. High-precision intermolecular (13)C isotope effects are reported for both the formal [2+2] cycloaddition (major) and Alder-ene (minor) reaction products. Mechanistic possibilities that are in accord with observed isotope effect measurements are discussed.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja412827cDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

isotope effects
12
kinetic isotope
8
general approach
4
approach mechanism
4
mechanism multiproduct
4
multiproduct reactions
4
reactions product-specific
4
product-specific intermolecular
4
intermolecular kinetic
4
isotope
4

Similar Publications

Invasive silver carp () threaten Mississippi River basin ecosystems due to their ability to outcompete native species. Stable carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN) isotope analysis has been used to study how silver carp impact native ecosystems, but lipids in fish tissues commonly bias their δC values. Chemical lipid extraction and mathematical equations that normalise δC values for lipid content can account for this bias, but have not been assessed for silver carp.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ra, Th, and K levels in various foods frequently consumed by Egyptians were determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer based on the germanium detector (HPGe). Activity concentrations of Ra, Th, and K were in the range of < 0.10 to 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Natural enzymes are powerful catalysts, reducing the apparent activation energy for reactions and enabling chemistry to proceed as much as 10 times faster than the corresponding solution reaction. It has been suggested for some time that, in some cases, quantum tunneling can contribute to this rate enhancement by offering pathways through a barrier inaccessible to activated events. A central question of interest to both physical chemists and biochemists is the extent to which evolution introduces mechanisms below the barrier, or tunneling mechanisms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Utility of a C-Spirulina Stable Isotope Gastric Emptying Breath Test in Diabetes Mellitus.

Neurogastroenterol Motil

January 2025

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: The carbon-13 spirulina gastric emptying breath test (GEBT) is approved to identify delayed, but not accelerated, gastric emptying (GE). We compared the utility of the GEBT to scintigraphy for diagnosing abnormal GE in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with diabetes ate a 230-kcal test meal labeled with technetium 99 m and C-spirulina, after which 10 scintigraphic images and breath samples (baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 min) were collected on 2 occasions 1 week apart.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Catalytic H/D exchange of (hetero)arenes with early-late polyhydride heterobimetallic complexes: impact of transition metal pairs.

Dalton Trans

January 2025

Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2 M UMR 5128), CNRS, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE-Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.

Metal-catalyzed hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) has become a valuable method for incorporating deuterium and tritium into organic molecules, with applications in a wide range of scientific fields. This study explores the role of transition metal cooperativity in enhancing catalytic hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange using early-late heterobimetallic polyhydride (ELHB) complexes. A series of four ELHB complexes, of general formula [M(CHBu)(H)M'Cp*], combining early transition metals (M = Hf, Ta) with late metals (M' = Ir, Os), were synthesized and evaluated for their catalytic activity in HIE of (hetero)arenes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!