Water equivalent ratio (WER) was calculated for different proton energies in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS) and aluminum (Al) using FLUKA and SRIM codes. The results were compared with analytical, experimental and simulated SEICS code data obtained from the literature. The biggest difference between the codes was 3.19%, 1.9% and 0.67% for Al, PMMA and PS, respectively. FLUKA and SEICS had the greatest agreement (≤0.77% difference for PMMA and ≤1.08% difference for Al, respectively) with the experimental data.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.03.012 | DOI Listing |
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Laboratory for Operation Control and Research, Langenau, Germany.
Monitoring of genotoxic chemicals released into the water cycle or formed through transformation processes is critical to prevent harm to human health. The development of the high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-umu bioassay combines sample separation and detection of genotoxic substances in the low ng/L concentration range. In this study, raw, process, and drinking water samples from 11 different waterworks in Germany were analyzed using the HPTLC-umu.
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January 2025
Department of CSE, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
The composition of the metal-polymer friction pair is carefully considered for interacting with water and hydrogen, ensuring the metals electrode process potential remains below waters in a neutral medium. Simultaneously, adherence to defined chemical composition ratios for the metal-polymer materials is crucial. This analysis is conducted under conditions of thermal stabilization, characterized by a minimal temperature gradient across the rim thickness within an equivalent thermal field.
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January 2025
Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan.
Environmental pollution caused by heavy metals are problems worldwide. In particular, pollution and poisoning by lead ions (Pb) continue to be common and serious problems. Hence, there is a need for a widely usable method to easily detect Pb from solutions containing organic materials from environmental water such as seas, ponds, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
January 2025
Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Advanced Materials Institute, Shandong Engineering Research Centre of Municipal Sludge Disposal, Jinan 250014, China. Electronic address:
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) is considered a hazardous solid waste, traditionally disposed by solidified landfill methods. However, solidified landfills present challenges with leaching heavy metals, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). To address this issue, this study examined two pretreatment methods for MSWIFA: sintering at 850℃ for 30 min and washing with three water baths (20 min each) at a 3:1 liquid-solid ratio.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sree Chitra Thirunal College of Engineering, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Globally, domestic refrigerators account for over 13% of the total energy consumption in residential buildings. The brazed plate water-cooled condenser (BPWCC) is compact in size and an attractive option to reduce the energy consumption of refrigerators using domestic water tanks. This study evaluated the performance of a household refrigerator with a secondary refrigerant calorimeter and BPWCC, using an appropriate experimental setup.
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