AI Article Synopsis
- A nonstoichiometric sodium manganese oxide (Na(x)MnO(2+δ)) cathode for sodium batteries was created using a simple ambient-temperature method involving sodium permanganate and sodium iodide, followed by heating.
- Structural analyses confirmed it has a P2-hexagonal structure and a stoichiometry of Na0.53MnO(2+δ).
- The cathode showed a stable average discharge capacity of 170 mA h g(-1) at 2.1 V over 25 cycles, indicating effective sodium intercalation and performance enhancement from additional Mn(4+) ions.
Article Abstract
A nonstoichiometric sodium manganese oxide (Na(x)MnO(2+δ)) cathode useful for sodium batteries was synthesized by an ambient-temperature strategy that involved facile reduction of aqueous sodium permanganate in sodium iodide and subsequent heat treatment at 600 °C. Combined powder X-ray diffraction and synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the annealed sample to belong to a Na(x)MnO2 phase with a P2-hexagonal structure. The ICP-AES results confirmed the stoichiometry of the sample to be Na0.53MnO(2+δ) . Electron microscopy studies revealed the particle size of the electrode to be in the range of a few hundred nanometers. The Na0.53MnO(2+δ) cathode delivered an average discharge capacity of 170 mA h g(-1) with a stable plateau at 2.1 V for the initial 25 cycles versus sodium. Ex situ XANES studies confirmed the reversible intercalation of sodium into Na0.53MnO(2+δ) and suggested the accommodation of over-stoichiometric Mn(4+) ions to contribute towards the performance of the electrode.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201301510 | DOI Listing |
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