Compound promiscuity is rationalized as the specific interaction of a small molecule with multiple biological targets (as opposed to non-specific binding events) and represents the molecular basis of polypharmacology, an emerging theme in drug discovery and chemical biology. This concise review focuses on recent studies that have provided a detailed picture of the degree of promiscuity among different categories of small molecules. In addition, an exemplary computational approach is discussed that is designed to navigate multi-target activity spaces populated with various compounds.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5936/csbj.201401003 | DOI Listing |
J Nat Prod
January 2025
Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural product associated with a wide range of biological and therapeutic activities. Despite the widespread cultural acceptance of CBD as a medicinal agent, much remains to be determined regarding its precise mechanism(s) of action in treating multiple conditions. CBD has been shown to promiscuously interact with several neurological targets with varying affinities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
The mammalian cryptochrome proteins (CRY1 and CRY2) are transcriptional repressors most notable for their role in circadian transcriptional feedback. Not all circadian rhythms depend on CRY proteins, however, and the CRY proteins are promiscuous interactors that also regulate many other processes. In cells with chronic CRY deficiency, protein homeostasis is highly perturbed, with a basal increase in cellular stress and activation of key inflammatory signalling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Environ Au
January 2025
Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Organic micropollutants, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and food additives, are widespread in the environment, causing potentially toxic effects. Human waste is a direct source of micropollutants, with the majority of pharmaceuticals being excreted through urine. Urine contains its own microbiota with the potential to catalyze micropollutant biotransformations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
National Resource Center for Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China.
Glycosylation is an effective means to alter the structure and properties of plant compounds, influencing the pharmacological activity of natural products (NPs) to obtain highly active NPs. In nature, glucosides are the most widely distributed, while other glycosides such as xylosides are less common and present in lower quantities. This is due to the scarcity of xylosyltransferases with substrate promiscuity in nature, and the modification of their catalytic function is also quite challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Prod Res
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Antimycins are a class of depsipeptide compounds that exhibit diverse bioactivities. However, their potential clinical applications are hampered by high cell toxicities. Glycosylation usually has profound impacts on the physicochemical properties, bioactivities and toxicities of natural products.
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