Galla rhois and its components have various biological activities, including protective effects on liver cells as well as antimetastatic, antiplatelet, and antibacterial effects. In the present study, we identified the antiplatelet activity and possible mechanism of action of a G. rhois extract (GRE). We investigated the effect of GRE and its components on rabbit platelet activation, and their possible molecular mechanisms. The GRE inhibited collagen-, AA-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation as well as serotonin secretion, in a concentration-dependent manner. The GRE significantly inhibited the production of lipoxygenase-mediated 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. The GRE effectively suppressed thrombin-stimulated PLCβ3 phosphorylation and collagen-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, in addition, the GRE significantly restored the cAMP level, which had decreased due to collagen or thrombin. Among the components of GRE, methyl gallate inhibited the collagen-induced platelet activation through suppression of ERK phosphorylation, penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside inhibited the thrombin-induced platelet activation through suppression of PLCβ phosphorylation. These results indicate that the GRE including methyl gallate and penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside suppressed platelet activation by inhibiting ERK1/2 and PLCβ3 phosphorylation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.032 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
The Framingham Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
Background: Apolipoprotein (Apo) E4, a main susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with increased vascular dysfunction, amyloid pathology, and neurodegeneration. The effector pathways leading to increased vascular risk in ApoE4 carriers needs to be established. Platelet aggregation is a key marker of vascular dysfunction and studies need to examine whether a relationship of ApoE4 allele status and platelet biology exists METHOD: We examined cross-sectional associations of platelet aggregation with ApoE genotypes (E2 or E4 against E3, the most common) in middle-aged cognitively normal participants at the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Gen3, New Offspring Spouse (NOS), and Omni2 Cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Med Rep
March 2025
Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China.
Ischemic stroke is a prevalent clinical condition that poses a significant global challenge. Developing innovative strategies to address this issue is crucial. Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a key member of the annexin superfamily, performs various functions, such as inhibiting inflammatory factor release, promoting phagocytosis, and blocking leukocyte migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFundam Clin Pharmacol
February 2025
Experimental Oncology and Hemopathies Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil.
Background: Chalcones have been described in the literature as promising antineoplastic compounds.
Objectives: Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic effect of 23 synthetic chalcones on human acute leukemia (AL) cell lines (Jurkat and K562).
Methods: Cytotoxicity assessment was performed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method.
Front Pharmacol
December 2024
Northeast Asia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death, and their prevention and treatment continue to face major challenges. Oxylipins, as novel circulating markers of cardiovascular disease, are crucial mediators linking cardiovascular risk factors such as inflammation and platelet activation, and they play an important role in unraveling cardiovascular pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms. Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in the adjuvant treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which has predominantly focused on the key pathways of classic lipids, inflammation, and oxidative stress to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Immunol
January 2025
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
We performed a systems vaccinology analysis to investigate immune responses in humans to an H5N1 influenza vaccine, with and without the AS03 adjuvant, to identify factors influencing antibody response magnitude and durability. Our findings revealed a platelet and adhesion-related blood transcriptional signature on day 7 that predicted the longevity of the antibody response, suggesting a potential role for platelets in modulating antibody response durability. As platelets originate from megakaryocytes, we explored the effect of thrombopoietin (TPO)-mediated megakaryocyte activation on antibody response longevity.
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