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Phenol homeostasis is ensured in vanilla fruit by storage under solid form in a new chloroplast-derived organelle, the phenyloplast. | LitMetric

Phenol homeostasis is ensured in vanilla fruit by storage under solid form in a new chloroplast-derived organelle, the phenyloplast.

J Exp Bot

Histocytology and Plant Cell Imaging Platform (PHIV), UMR Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes, CIRAD-INRA-SupAgro, and UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, INRA-CNRS-UMII-SupAgro, Montpellier, France

Published: June 2014

AI Article Synopsis

  • - This study utilized multiple imaging techniques to identify how 4-O-(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) β-d-glucoside, a compound abundant in vanilla fruit, accumulates within plant cells, specifically in redifferentiating chloroplasts.
  • - The glucoside accumulates as solid amorphous deposits in the inner volume of the chloroplasts, which play a role in maintaining cell stability and homeostasis during the organelle's redifferentiation process.
  • - Researchers propose that this unique storage method for phenolic compounds may also be present in other plant species, potentially leading to the identification of a new type of organelle called a 'phenyloplast'.

Article Abstract

A multiple cell imaging approach combining immunofluorescence by confocal microscopy, fluorescence spectral analysis by multiphotonic microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy identified the site of accumulation of 4-O-(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) β-d-glucoside, a phenol glucoside massively stockpiled by vanilla fruit. The glucoside is sufficiently abundant to be detected by spectral analysis of its autofluorescence. The convergent results obtained by these different techniques demonstrated that the phenol glucoside accumulates in the inner volume of redifferentiating chloroplasts as solid amorphous deposits, thus ensuring phenylglucoside cell homeostasis. Redifferentiation starts with the generation of loculi between thylakoid membranes which are progressively filled with the glucoside until a fully matured organelle is obtained. This peculiar mode of storage of a phenolic secondary metabolite is suspected to occur in other plants and its generalization in the Plantae could be considered. This new chloroplast-derived organelle is referred to as a 'phenyloplast'.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036510PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru126DOI Listing

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