Background: Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a major problem in malaria control especially along the Thai-Myanmar and Thai-Cambodia borders. To date, a few molecular markers have been identified for anti-malarial resistance in P. falciparum, including the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) and the P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1). However no information is available regarding the distribution pattern of these gene polymorphisms in the parasites from the Thai-Malaysia border. This study was conducted to compare the distribution pattern of the pfcrt and pfmdr1 polymorphisms in the parasites from the lower southern provinces, Thai-Malaysia border and the upper southern provinces, Thai-Myanmar border. In addition, in vitro sensitivities of anti-malarial drugs including chloroquine, mefloquine, quinine, and artesunate were determined.
Methods: In all, 492 P. falciparum-positive blood samples were collected from the lower southern provinces: Songkhla, Yala and Narathiwas. From the upper southern part of Thailand, Ranong and Chumphon, 66 samples were also collected. Polymorphisms of the pfcrt and the pfmdr1 gene were determined using PCR techniques. In vitro sensitivities of anti-malarial drugs were determined using radioisotopic method.
Results: All parasites from both areas contained the pfcrt 76 T allele. The pfmdr1 86Y allele was significantly more common in the parasites isolated from the lower southern areas. In contrast, the pfmdr1 184F allele was predominant among the parasites from the upper southern areas especially Ranong. In addition, the parasites from Ranong contained higher copy numbers than the parasites from other provinces. All adapted parasite isolates exhibited CQ-resistant phenotype. Neither QN nor MQ resistance was detected in these isolates.
Conclusion: The parasites from Thai-Malaysia border exhibited different resistant patterns compared to other areas along the international border of Thailand. This information will be useful for anti-malarial drug policy in Thailand.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3986879 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-117 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Molecular Surveillance of Pfkelch13 and Pfmdr1 Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Southern Thailand.
Korean J Parasitol
August 2019
Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) resistance is widespread throughout the Greater Mekong Subregion. This raises concern over the antimalarial treatment in Thailand since it shares borders with Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar where high ACT failure rates were reported. It is crucial to have information about the spread of ACT resistance for efficient planning and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe clandestine multiple graves in Malaysia: The first mass identification operation of human skeletal remains.
Forensic Sci Int
September 2017
National Institute of Forensic Medicine (NIFM), Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
The first ever mass identification operation of skeletal remains conducted for the clandestine graves in Malaysia consisted of 165 individuals unearthed from 28 human trafficking transit camps located in Wang Kelian, along the Thai-Malaysia border. A DVI response was triggered in which expert teams comprising of pathologists, anthropologists, odontologists, radiologists and DNA experts were gathered at the identified operation centre. The Department of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Star, Kedah, located approximately 75km away from Wang Kelian, was temporarily converted into a victim identification centre (VIC) as it is the nearest available forensic facility to the mass grave site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistribution of pfmdr1 polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from Southern Thailand.
Malar J
March 2014
Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Ratchawithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Background: Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a major problem in malaria control especially along the Thai-Myanmar and Thai-Cambodia borders. To date, a few molecular markers have been identified for anti-malarial resistance in P. falciparum, including the P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrend of malaria incidence in highly endemic provinces along the Thai borders, 1991-2001.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
September 2003
Bureau of Vector Borne Disease, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
The intercountry border areas of Thailand have high malaria receptivity and vulnerability that present numerous problems in the control of malaria transmission. This study focused on the 30 provinces of Thailand situated next to neighboring countries, which can be divided into 4 groups: the Thai-Myanmar border (10 provinces), the Thai-Cambodia border (6 provinces), the Thai-Lao border (10 provinces) and the Thai-Malaysia border (4 provinces). The purpose of the present study was to describe the pattern and trend of malaria incidence in the highly endemic provinces along the Thai borders for the 11 years from 1991 to 2001.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!