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Factors distinguishing leukemoid reaction from hematological malignancy in children.
Pediatr Int
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on understanding leukemoid reaction (LR) in children and how it differs from hematological malignancy (HM), revealing limited knowledge on their etiology and prognosis.
- Researchers analyzed 214 pediatric cases with high white blood cell counts, finding that about 50% of LR cases were linked to infections like bacteremia and respiratory illnesses.
- Key predictive factors for LR included age under 2, presence of underlying conditions, and specific lab results; despite higher mortality in the LR group (13% vs. 6%), the difference wasn't statistically significant.
Autopsy case of a stillbirth with transient abnormal myelopoiesis associated with Down syndrome: Immunohistochemical demonstration of GATA1 mutation in placental tissues.
Pathol Int
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Kawaguchi, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) in neonates with Down syndrome (DS) presents similarly to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia but usually resolves on its own within months postpartum.
- Some cases of TAM can lead to severe health issues, impacting the patient's prognosis negatively.
- An autopsy of a stillborn female with TAM and DS revealed GATA1s protein expression in unusual immature megakaryocytes, indicating that placental tissue can be useful for diagnosing TAM histologically.
[Application of exchange transfusion in neonates with severe pertussis and hyperleukocytosis].
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China.
Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of exchange transfusion in neonates with severe pertussis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the medical data of five neonates with severe pertussis who underwent exchange transfusion in the Department of Neonatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, from August 2019 to March 2024. The clinical characteristics of the patients were summarized, and the efficacy and adverse reactions of exchange transfusion were analyzed.
Backgrounds: Scrub Typhus is a re-emerging illness with considerable morbidity and mortality and affected children have nonspecific sign symptoms. This study was conducted to find out the risk factors, clinical characteristics and laboratory profile and treatment outcome of scrub typhus among the children admitted in tertiary level pediatric hospital for febrile illness.
Methods: A case control study was conducted among hospitalized children with acute febrile illness in a government pediatric referral hospital of central Nepal for two years (2021 to Sept 2023), who were tested using Scrub Typhus Antibody Rapid Test Kit.
Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits pertussis toxin.
J Biol Chem
December 2024
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany. Electronic address:
Pertussis (whooping cough) is a vaccine-preventable but re-emerging, highly infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis. There are currently no effective treatments for pertussis, complicating care for nonvaccinated individuals, especially newborns. Disease manifestations are predominantly caused by pertussis toxin (PT), a pivotal virulence factor classified as an ADP-ribosylating AB-type protein toxin.
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