The effect of metformin on myocardial sensitivity to ischemia in rats with neonatal streptozotocin T2DM was investigated using the model of global ischemia-reperfusion in the isolated perfused heart. Metformin administration had no effect on infarct size. At the same time, infarct size in T2DM was significantly lower than in controls, which is indicative of the phenomenon of metabolic preconditioning in T2DM. The protocol of metformin administration used in this study had not afforded a significant cardioprotective effect in animals with T2DM.
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Appl Biochem Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic medication for treating malignancies, although its cardiotoxicity limits its use. There is growing evidence that alteration of the mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamic processes accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and alteration of calcium Ca homeostasis are potential underlying mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Metformin (Met) is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator that has antioxidant properties and cardioprotective effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Diagn Ther
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Background: As a novel oral anti-hyperglycemic agent, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) have been demonstrated to improve cardiovascular outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanism responsible for the beneficial effects remains unclear. Recently, extensive studies have demonstrated a close relationship between elevated fasting triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the risk of AMI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
December 2024
2nd Department of Internal Medicine Research Unit and Diabetes Centre, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Rimini 1 Str., Chaidari, 12462 Athens, Greece.
: The association between diabetic nephropathy and arterial elasticity and endothelial function is well established. In this study, we compared the effect of the combination of dulaglutide and dapagliflozin versus DPP-4 inhibitors on the endothelial glycocalyx, arterial stiffness, myocardial function, and albuminuria. : Overall, 60 patients were randomized to combined dulaglutide and dapagliflozin treatment (n = 30) or DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i, n = 30) (ClinicalTrials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiol Rev
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
Metformin, a biguanide derived from Galega officinalis, was first synthesized by Werner and Bell in 1922. Metformin was approved for the treatment of diabetes by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1994. It has since become the most widely used oral antidiabetic agent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Acad Orthop Surg
November 2024
From the Yale School of Medicine (Kim, Wiznia, and Grauer), and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (Wiznia and Grauer).
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