A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 176

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Distinguishing aggregation from random mixing in aqueous t-butyl alcohol solutions. | LitMetric

Raman spectroscopic measurements are combined with various multivariate curve resolution (Raman-MCR) strategies, to characterize the aggregation of t-butyl alcohol (TBA) in aqueous solutions. The resulting TBA solute-correlated (SC) spectra reveal perturbed water OH features arising from the hydration-shell of TBA as well as shifts in the TBA CH vibrational frequency arising from TBA-TBA interactions. Our results indicate that at low concentrations (below approximately 0.5 M), there is virtually no TBA aggregation. The first aggregates formed above 0.5 M remain highly hydrated, while those formed above approximately 2 M are significantly less hydrated. Comparisons with predictions pertaining to a randomly mixed (non-aggregating) solution indicate that below approximately 1 M there are fewer TBA-TBA contacts than would be present in a random mixture, thus implying that the thermodynamic stability of the first hydration-shell of TBA suppresses the formation of direct contact aggregates at low TBA concentrations. Our results further suggest that microheterogeneous domains containing many water-separated TBA-TBA contacts form near a TBA concentration of approximately 1 M, while at higher concentrations the TBA-rich domain size distribution may resemble that in a non-aggregating random mixture.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3fd00086aDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

t-butyl alcohol
8
tba
8
hydration-shell tba
8
tba-tba contacts
8
random mixture
8
distinguishing aggregation
4
aggregation random
4
random mixing
4
mixing aqueous
4
aqueous t-butyl
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!