Chemokines comprise a family of secreted proteins that activate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and thereby control the migration of leukocytes during inflammation or immune surveillance. The positional information required for such migratory behavior is governed by the binding of chemokines to membrane-tethered glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which establishes a chemokine concentration gradient. An often observed but incompletely understood behavior of chemokines is the ability of unrelated chemokines to enhance the potency with which another chemokine subtype can activate its cognate receptor. This phenomenon has been demonstrated to occur between many chemokine combinations and across several model systems and has been dubbed chemokine cooperativity. In this study, we have used GAG binding-deficient chemokine mutants and cell-based functional (migration) assays to demonstrate that chemokine cooperativity is caused by competitive binding of chemokines to GAGs. This mechanistic explanation of chemokine cooperativity provides insight into chemokine gradient formation in the context of inflammation, in which multiple chemokines are secreted simultaneously.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4198333PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1302159DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

chemokine cooperativity
16
binding chemokines
12
chemokine
10
cooperativity caused
8
caused competitive
8
chemokines
6
competitive glycosaminoglycan
4
glycosaminoglycan binding
4
chemokines comprise
4
comprise family
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!