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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
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Function: require_once
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: models/Detail_model.php
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Function: strpos
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Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
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Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: file_get_contents
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Objectives: Reflex anal dilatation (RAD) is considered as a possible sign of anal abuse,however studies evaluating its prevalence in non-abused children are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of RAD in a convenience sample of children with no suspicion of abuse admitted to a Pediatric Emergency Department (PED).
Methods: Prospective observational study including children admitted to the PED of Padova, Italy, between January and June 2011. Patients with no suspicion of abuse and for whom ano-genital examination was part of their medical evaluation were included. Children were excluded if in critical clinical conditions or if any suspicion of abuse arose during medical evaluation. Presence/absence of RAD and of factors favoring its appearance were recorded for each patient.
Results: Two-hundred and thirty children (median age of 12 months, interquartile range 5-35 months) were finally included. A positive RAD was reported in 14 (6.1%, CI 95% 3.4-10). Only 3 patients (1.3%, CI 95% 0.3-3.7) showed a positive RAD in the absence of any predisposing factor.
Conclusions: RAD is an infrequent sign in non-abused children and it is particularly rare in the absence of any predisposing factor. Case-control studies are necessary to better clarify its diagnostic relevance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.02.010 | DOI Listing |
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