Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitides (AAV) are conditions defined by an autoimmune small vessel inflammation. Dying neutrophils are found around the inflamed vessels and the balance between infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages is important to prevent autoimmunity. Here we investigate how sera from AAV patients may regulate macrophage polarization and function. Macrophages from healthy individuals were differentiated into M0, M1, M2a, M2b or M2c macrophages using a standardized protocol, and phenotyped according to their expression surface markers and cytokine production. These phenotypes were compared with those of macrophages stimulated with serum from AAV patients or healthy controls. While the healthy control sera induced a M0 macrophage, AAV serum promoted polarization towards the M2c subtype. No sera induced M1, M2a or M2b macrophages. The M2c subtype showed increased phagocytosis capacity compared with the other subtypes. The M2c polarization found in AAV is consistent with previous reports of increased levels of M2c-associated cytokines.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2014.02.016 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Leveraging a comprehensive unbiased RNAseq database to characterize human monocyte-derived macrophage gene expression profiles within commonly employed in vitro polarization methods.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Macrophages are pivotal innate immune cells which exhibit high phenotypic plasticity and can exist in different polarization states dependent on exposure to external stimuli. Numerous methods have been employed to simulate macrophage polarization states to test their function in vitro. However, limited research has explored whether these polarization methods yield comparable populations beyond key gene, cytokine, and cell surface marker expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin D reduces the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers in breast cancer patients.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland.
Vitamin D (VD) is known for its immunomodulatory and anticancer effects. This study aimed to characterize tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in breast cancer (BC) and assess the influence of VD and its active metabolite, calcitriol, on their polarization. TAMs were isolated from BC patients and characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Contribution of Macrophage Plasticity to Inflammatory Arthritis and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets.
Cells
September 2024
School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland.
Article Synopsis
- Inflammatory arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation, loss of function, and significant comorbidities, with only 20% of patients achieving drug-free remission for over two years.
- Macrophages are crucial in inflammation; M1 macrophages promote inflammation and joint degradation, while M2 macrophages aid in healing and resolving inflammation, with various subtypes of M2 macrophages identified.
- Current treatments do not specifically target macrophages, but research is focused on repolarizing pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2 types as a potential therapeutic strategy, highlighting the need to understand macrophage plasticity for effective new treatments.
Unprecedented Silver-Based Hybrid Pyroelectric Enabling Wide Spectral Photo-Pyroelectricity for Birefringence Photomodulation.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Birefringent crystal, which has the capacity to manipulate polarization light, holds an indispensable position in optics and optoelectronics, while it remains challenging to fulfill the modulation of birefringence. Here, we present wide spectral photo-pyroelectric effect in a silver-based hybrid pyroelectric, (N-CHM)AgI (N-CHM=N-cyclohexylmethylamine), serving as a feasible strategy to regulate birefringence through light stimuli. As the first silver-based hybrid pyroelectric, (N-CHM)AgI exhibits strong room-temperature photo-pyroelectricity with a large polarization of ~3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOcotillol-Type Pseudoginsenoside-F11 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Regulation of Macrophage Function by Suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway.
J Agric Food Chem
September 2024
Innovation Center of New Drug Preclinical Pharmacology Evaluation of Jilin Province, Department of pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden decline in renal function. The inflammatory response is the fundamental pathologic alteration throughout AKI, regardless of the various causal factors. Macrophages are the main immune cells involved in the inflammatory microenvironment in AKI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!