A 15-year follow-up of temporomandibular joint symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings in whiplash patients: a prospective, controlled study.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol

Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Published: April 2014

Objective: This study aimed to determine the incidence, prevalence, and progression of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings and symptoms in patients over a 15-year period after whiplash trauma, compared with control participants.

Study Design: Sixty consecutive patients were enrolled directly after whiplash trauma. The study protocol included TMJ MR imaging at inception and 15 years later, as well as a questionnaire and interview at inception, at 1-year follow-up, and at 15-year follow-up. Fifty-seven patients (95%) participated in all three examinations (85% for MR imaging). Fifty matched control participants were examined.

Results: The prevalence of TMJ symptoms was significantly higher in patients compared with control participants at inception (44% vs 20%, P = .0055) and remained significantly higher throughout the study period. The prevalence of disk displacement did not differ significantly between groups either at inception (63% vs 53%) or at 15-year follow-up (63% vs 55%).

Conclusions: This prospective 15-year follow-up suggests that the development of TMJ symptoms, both immediate and delayed, is common in whiplash patients.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.020DOI Listing

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