AI Article Synopsis
- The review focuses on the evolving diagnosis and treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, particularly emphasizing the role of high-risk human papilloma viruses (HPVs) as key factors in the disease.
- Recent studies show that HPV-positive tumors have better treatment responses and outcomes compared to HPV-negative ones, and they allow for patient stratification based on factors like HPV status and smoking history to assess risks.
- Current research is exploring ways to reduce treatment intensity for low-risk groups, while highlighting the need for new therapies for patients with poorer prognoses linked to smoking and advanced disease stages.
Article Abstract
Purpose Of Review: To discuss the changing landscape and significant developments in the diagnosis and management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Recent Findings: High-risk human papilloma viruses (HPVs) have been recognized as important causative factors for oropharyngeal cancer. The diagnosis is established with type-specific and broad-spectrum in-situ hybridization probes and/or p16 immunohistochemistry assays on fresh frozen paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. HPV-associated tumors have superior response and outcomes compared with HPV-unrelated tumors. Retrospective studies have been able to stratify oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on HPV status, tumor stage, nodal stage, and smoking history into risk groups with differing risks of death or distant disease. Selected patients, nonsmokers with less advanced nodal stage, may be overtreated with current treatment paradigms, and deintensification of curative therapy is a current research focus for these patients. Smokers, patients with advanced nodal or tumor stage, and those with HPV-unrelated cancers have a less favorable prognosis and the search for novel targets is particularly important for these patients.
Summary: The present review will highlight the current standards and the future direction of novel therapies in both HPV-associated and HPV-unrelated cancers.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5813288 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000000072 | DOI Listing |
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