Background: S. pneumoniae is a major cause of meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis in children. In 2006 universal pneumococcal vaccination was recommended in Germany for all children up to their second birthday. We have compared the prevalence and outcome of IPD at a single hospital before and after the introduction of vaccination.
Findings: 55 cases of IPD were identified over an 11 year period. Almost half of the patients were younger than 2 years of age. Most of the children were affected by pneumonia. The second highest incidence seen was for meningitis and sepsis. 17 patients exhibited additional complications. Significant pre-existing and predisposing disorders, such as IRAK 4 defect, ALPS or SLE were identified in 4 patients. Complete recovery was seen in 78% of affected children; 11% had a fatal outcome and 11% suffered from long term complications. Only 31% overall had been vaccinated. The most common serotype was 14. Serotypes not covered by any of the current vaccines were also found. Antibiotic treatment commenced with cephalosporins in over 90%.
Conclusion: Frequency of IPD in our hospital did not decrease after initiation of the pneumococcal vaccination. This might be due to vaccinations not being administered satisfactorily as well as to poor education about the need of the vaccination. Pre-existing diseases must be monitored and treated accordingly and rare deficiencies taken into account when IPD takes a foudroyant course. In addition, antibiotic stewardship has been initiated at this hospital centre as a consequence of the high cephalosporin use detected in this study.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-145 | DOI Listing |
Mil Med
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, VA Medical Center Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
Introduction: Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are often treated with pharmacologic therapies that target the immune system and have an increased risk of infection. These risks can be reduced by vaccination against common pathogens. This quality improvement project aimed to increase pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination rates in patients with chronic inflammatory disease on biologic immunosuppressive therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Hospital, Alkmaar, The Netherlands.
Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) can be complicated by vertebral osteomyelitis (VO). This study investigates risk factors associated with VO in patients with infective endocarditis, and 6-month mortality and relapse rates in patients with IE and concomitant VO.
Methods: We performed a observational study in two hospitals between September 2016 and October 2022.
Acta Paediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Aim: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) significantly contributes to high infant mortality in Kazakhstan and developing effective treatment methods is critical. The aim of this study was to explore the microbiological and immunological characteristics of CAP in vaccinated and unvaccinated paediatric patients.
Methods: The study was carried out in the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital and the research centre of Karaganda Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Diretor do Programa Nacional de Imunizações, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente, Departamento de Doenças Imunopreveníveis, Doutor em Saúde Coletiva pela Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, Brasília, Brazil.
Background: Immunization is a significant public health achievement for the whole world, although the population's adherence to vaccination efforts remains a concern. To address this, Brazil's Ministry of Health introduced the concept of operational microplanning (OM) for high-quality vaccination activities (HQVA) in 2023 to ensure excellence in routine service and campaigns. OM is defined by structured interventions using assertive techniques to enhance the likelihood of covering a broader population previously unprotected from vaccine-preventable diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntern Med J
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: With improved outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to the use of anti-retroviral therapy, ensuring adequate preventative healthcare and management of HIV-related comorbidities is essential.
Aims: To evaluate adherence with recommended guidelines for comorbidity and immunisation status screening amongst people living with HIV within a hospital-based setting across two timepoints.
Methods: A single-centre retrospective case series was conducted at a hospital between 2011 and 2021.
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