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Estimating the ovarian cancer CA-125 preclinical detectable phase, in-vivo tumour doubling time, and window for detection in early stage: an exploratory analysis of UKCTOCS.
EBioMedicine
January 2025
MGH Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Background: The ovarian cancer (OC) preclinical detectable phase (PCDP), defined as the interval during which cancer is detectable prior to clinical diagnosis, remains poorly characterised. We report exploratory analyses from the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS).
Methods: In UKCTOCS between Apr-2001 and Sep-2005, 101,314 postmenopausal women were randomised to no screening (NS) and 50,625 to annual multimodal screening (MMS) (until Dec-2011) using serum CA-125 interpreted by the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA).
[Coding of child abuse and neglect in hospitals in Germany: overview and classification of administrative data].
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
January 2025
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Steinhövelstraße 3, 89075, Ulm, Deutschland.
Background: Child maltreatment is a significant problem in Germany. Hospital data on child maltreatment serve as a crucial foundation for planning effective prevention measures. These data enable an assessment of the extent to which at-risk children and adolescents are identified, supported, and protected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStakeholder perspectives to inform the implementation of a community health worker-delivered home management of hypertension intervention in Zimbabwe.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Africa University, Mutare, Manicaland, Zimbabwe.
Objective: Implementing evidence-based innovations often fails to translate into meaningful outcomes in practice due to dynamic real-world contextual factors. Identifying these influencing factors is pivotal to implementation success. This study aimed to determine the barriers and facilitators of implementing a community health worker (CHW)-delivered home management of hypertension (HoMHyper) intervention from a stakeholder's perspective using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrengthening research preparedness for crises: lessons from Norwegian government agencies in using randomized trials and quasi-experimental methods to evaluate public policy interventions.
Health Res Policy Syst
January 2025
Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
During public health crises such as pandemics, governments must rapidly adopt and implement wide-reaching policies and programs ("public policy interventions"). A key takeaway from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was that although numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focussed on drugs and vaccines, few policy experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of public policy interventions across various sectors on viral transmission and other consequences. Moreover, many quasi-experimental studies were of spurious quality, thus proving unhelpful for informing public policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the role of moxibustion robots in teaching: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China.
Background: Artificial intelligence has gradually been used into various fields of medical education at present. Under the background of moxibustion robot teaching assistance, the study aims to explore the relationship and the internal mechanism between learning engagement and evaluation in three stages, preparation before class, participation in class, and consolidation after class.
Methods: Based on the data investigated in 250 youths in university via multistage cluster sampling following the self-administered questionnaire, structural equation model was built to discussing factors of study process about moxibustion robots.
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