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Exposure of polyethylene particles induces interferon-γ expression in a natural killer T lymphocyte and dendritic cell coculture system in vitro: a preliminary study. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Two main challenges in total joint arthroplasty include implant loosening and osteolysis, which is inflammation caused by wear particles.
  • The study finds that ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles activate natural killer T (NKT) cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines like Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), especially when co-cultured with dendritic cells (DCs).
  • Additionally, UHMWPE particles did not trigger the secretion of IL-4, but using the NKT cell ligand α-galactosylceramide enhanced cytokine production, suggesting a potential new therapeutic strategy to address wear particle-induced inflammation.

Article Abstract

Two major issues in total joint arthroplasty are loosening of implants and osteolysis caused by wear particle-induced inflammation. Wear particles stimulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators from macrophages and other cells. Although the biological response of macrophages to wear debris is well established, the role of other cell types such as natural killer T lymphocytes (NKT) and dendritic cells (DCs) is limited. Here we show that ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles stimulate NKT cells to secrete Interferon-γ (IFN-γ); coculture with DCs further enhanced IFN-γ secretion. Furthermore, UHMWPE particles did not stimulate NKT cells to secrete IL-4, while the NKT cell natural ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) treatment in the coculture system significantly enhanced both IFN-γ and IL-4 expression by NKT cells. Comparatively, NKT cells and/or DCs exposed to polymethylmethacrylate particles did not stimulate IFN-γ or IL-4 expression. Mouse bone marrow derived macrophage polarization by lipopolysaccharide and conditioned medium from NKT cells and/or DCs exposed to UHMWPE particles increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but reduced arginase-1 expression in macrophages. The current findings indicate that UHMWPE particles stimulate NKT cells/DCs to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines; this pathway is a novel therapeutic target to mitigate wear particle induced peri-prosthetic osteolysis.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4160417PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.35159DOI Listing

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