A system of electrostatic sensors has been designed for the SPIDER (Source for the production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from RF plasma) experiment, prototype RF source of the ITER NBI (neutral beam injection). A prototype of the sensor system was manufactured and tested at the BATMAN (BAvarian Test MAchine for Negative ions) facility, where the plasma environment is similar to that of SPIDER. Different aspects concerning the mechanical manufacturing and the signal conditioning are presented, among them the RF compensation adopted to reduce the RF effects which could lead to overestimated values of the electron temperature. The first commissioning tests provided ion saturation current values in the range assumed for the design, so the deduced plasma density estimate is consistent with the expected values.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4831746 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi 201314, India.
Cancer cells produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) coated with an anionic sugar polymer, hyaluronan (HA), in the extracellular matrix. Hyaluronan is an established cancer biomarker in several cancer types. In this work, we thoroughly investigated the electrical properties of HA-coated EVs using advanced scanning probe microscopy (SPM) based nanoelectrical modes, which include EFM (electrostatic force microscopy), KPFM (Kelvin probe force microscopy), PFM (piezoresponse force microscopy) and C-AFM (conductive atomic force microscopy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Mineralogical Society of Antwerp, Boterlaarbaan 225, 2100 Deurne, Belgium.
ConspectusWhile photochromic natural sodalites, an aluminosilicate mineral, were originally considered as curiosities, articles published in the past ten years have radically changed this perspective. It has been proven that their artificial synthesis was easy and allowed compositional tuning. Combined with simulations, it has been shown that a wide range of photochromic properties were achievable for synthetic sodalites (color, activation energy, reversibility, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
This study investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a system with frequency-dependent stiffness using a MEMS-based capacitive inertial sensor as a case study. The sensor is positioned directly on a rotating component of a machine and consists of a microbeam clamped at both ends by fixed supports with a fixed central proof mass. The nonlinear behavior is determined by electrostatic forces, axial and bending motion coupling, and frequency-dependent stiffness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Sens
January 2025
The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. China.
Microneedle (MN) sensors have great promise for food safety detection, but the rapid preparation of MNs for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors with tunable and homogeneous nanoparticles remains a great challenge. To address this, a SERS sensor of gold nanoparticles@polydopamine@poly(methyl methacrylate) MN (AuNPs@PDA@PMMA-MN) was developed. The extended-Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory was applied to calculate the interaction energy between AuNPs and PDA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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