Research and publication trends in hospital medicine.

Background: Research by hospitalists may aid the evolution of hospital medicine into an academic specialty.

Objective: To describe the factors associated with research and publication activities among hospitalists and describe trends in hospitalist-led publications.

Methods: We surveyed members of the Society of Hospital Medicine in June 2012 and conducted univariate analyses on their responses to determine predictors of successful authorship and to describe factors associated with research engagement. We searched PubMed from the database inception to October 2013 for publications with "hospitalist" or "hospital medicine" affiliated authors. Original research articles were reviewed for methodology and funding sources.

Results: Of the 645 respondents (5.8% response rate), 277 (43%) had authored peer-reviewed publications, 126 (19%) had access to mentorship, and 68 (11%) reported funding support. There were 213 (33%) who were engaged in research, with the majority conducting quality improvement (QI) research (n = 152, 24%). Completion of a fellowship, pediatrics training, the presence of a mentor, funding, and >25% protected time for research were each individually associated with an increased likelihood of authoring publications. Hospitalist-led publications in PubMed have been increasing from 36 in 2006 to 179 in the first 10 months of 2013. Of the original research publications (n = 317), the majority were clinical (n = 129, 41%), and 58 (18%) were QI. Thirty-nine (22%) authors reported funding support.

Conclusions: Peer-reviewed publications by hospitalists are increasing, suggesting the academic maturation of hospital medicine. Provision of mentorship for hospitalists specifically in QI and guidance toward funding resources may assist in supporting this trend.