Outcomes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to discuss if the adoption of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has improved the outcome.

Methods: We compared 3-dimensional (3D) radiotherapy (RT) and IMRT in all patients with hypopharyngeal SCC treated with curative intent RT or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) from January 1, 2000, to February 28, 2010. Locoregional control, overall survival (OS), distant relapse rate, larynx preservation rate, and enteral feeding tube duration were analyzed.

Results: Of 181 consecutive patients, 90 received 3D-RT and 91 received IMRT. At 3 years, the IMRT group had higher locoregional control compared with the 3D-RT group (75% vs 58%; p = .003), but similar OS (50% vs 52%; p = .99), distant relapse rate (23% vs 20%; p = .79), and larynx-preservation rate (90% vs 86%; p = .16). The 2-year enteral feeding tube dependency rate was similar in both groups (19% vs 18%; p = .12).

Conclusion: Patients with hypopharyngeal SCC treated with IMRT showed a higher locoregional control compared with 3D-RT. However, distant-relapse rate and OS remain comparable between treatment techniques.