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Circadian Disruption Impacts Fetal Development in Mice Using High-Frequency Ultrasound.
J Circadian Rhythms
December 2024
WWAMI Medical Education, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, US.
The developmental origins of health and disease theory suggests that environmental exposures during early life, particularly during prenatal life, can greatly influence health status later in life. Irregular light-dark cycles, such as those experienced during shift work, result in the repeated disruption of circadian rhythms, which negatively impacts physiological and behavioral cycles. The purpose of our study was to assess parameters in the developing mouse embryo and fetus using high frequency ultrasound when exposed to circadian disruption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations of early life per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with body mass index and risk of overweight or obesity at age 2-18 years: Mixture analysis in the prospective Boston Birth Cohort.
Environ Int
December 2024
Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of widespread persistent chemicals, which may have obesogenic effects during the fetal period. This study investigated the long-term association of maternal plasma PFAS concentrations at delivery and their mixture with child body mass index (BMI) and the risk of Overweight or Obesity (OWO) at the age of 2-18 years.
Methods: The study included 1189 mother-child dyads from the prospective Boston Birth Cohort.
Prenatal Origins of Obstructive Airway Disease: Starting on the Wrong Trajectory?
Compr Physiol
December 2024
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
From the results of well-performed population health studies, we now have excellent data demonstrating that deficits in adult lung function may be present early in life, possibly as a result of developmental disorders, incurring a lifelong risk of obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Suboptimal fetal development results in intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight at term (an outcome distinct from preterm complications), which are associated with subsequent obstructive disease. Numerous prenatal exposures and disorders compromise fetal development and these are summarized herein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonhuman primate models of pediatric viral diseases.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death in infants and children under 5 years of age. exposure to viruses can lead to spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, congenital abnormalities or other developmental defects, often resulting in lifelong health sequalae. The underlying biological mechanisms are difficult to study in humans due to ethical concerns and limited sample access.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly-life exposure to PCBs and PFAS exerts negative effects on the developing central nervous system.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Brazil; Laboratory of Ocular Immunology and Transplantation, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States. Electronic address:
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and display the capacity to bioaccumulate in living organisms, constituting a hazard to both wildlife and humans. Although restrictions have been applied to prohibit the production of several POPs since the 1960s, high levels of these compounds can still be detected in many environmental and biological matrices, due to their chemical properties and significantly long half-lives. Some POPs can be passed from mother to the fetus and can gain entry to the central nervous system (CNS), by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in significant deleterious effects, including neurocognitive and psychiatric abnormalities, which may lead to long-term socio-economic burdens.
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