AI Article Synopsis
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a poor prognosis despite treatment advancements, largely due to a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment.
- Regulatory T-cells (Tregs), which normally help prevent autoimmunity, are linked to the immune suppression seen in GBM, with their activity associated with tumor development.
- Ongoing research is examining the role of cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-β, and the impact of hypoxia on Treg induction, making Tregs a key focus for potential immunotherapy in glioma patients.
Article Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment, the prognosis for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains poor. The lack of response to treatment in GBM patients may be attributed to the immunosuppressed microenvironment that is characteristic of invasive glioma. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are immunosuppressive T-cells that normally prevent autoimmunity when the human immune response is evoked; however, there have been strong correlations between glioma-induced immunosuppression and Tregs. In fact, induction of Treg activity has been correlated with glioma development in both murine models and patients. While the exact mechanisms by which regulatory T-cells function require further elucidation, various cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β (TFG-β) have been implicated in these processes and are currently under investigation. In addition, hypoxia is characteristic of tumor development and is also correlated with downstream induction of Tregs. Due to the poor prognosis associated with immunosuppression in glioma patients, Tregs remain a promising area for immunotherapeutic research.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.12.004 | DOI Listing |
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