We demonstrate that using appropriate signal-processing techniques allows us to greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of frequency comb interference spectroscopy measurements. We show that the phase noise from the continuous wave laser used as local oscillator is common to all beat notes and can be removed, enabling longer coherent integration time. An on-line calibration of the spectrum normalizes the frequency response of the electronics. The signal power-to-noise ratio of the spectra thus obtained is a factor of 16,000 (42 dB) higher than in previously demonstrated results, and the quality of the spectra is much higher.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.000731 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent, requires accurate monitoring to ensure therapeutic efficacy and prevent oversedation. Recent developments in modern analytical instrumentation have led to significant breakthroughs in on-line analysis of exhaled breath. This review discusses several sophisticated analytical methods that have been explored for noninvasive, real-time monitoring of propofol concentrations, including proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, and gas chromatography coupled to surface acoustic wave sensors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
EPSRC Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation Research Hub, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
Application of multivariate curve resolution to non-invasive Raman spectra has been investigated for rapid on-line analysis of crystallisation processes and high-throughput screening. Exploring quantification of mefenamic acid solid forms (form I, form II, and dimethylformamide solvate) from the Raman spectra indicated excellent agreement with off-line X-ray analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Bioeng
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and ILOC, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
The concept of sustainable production necessitates the utilization of waste and by-products as raw materials, the implementation of biotechnological processes, and the introduction of automated real-time monitoring for efficient use of resources. One example is the biocatalyzed conversion of the reusable by-product glycerin by acetic acid bacteria to dihydroxyacetone (DHA), which is of great importance to the cosmetic industry. The application of compact spectrometers enables the rapid measurement of samples while simultaneously reducing the consumption of resources and energy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
December 2024
The Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Addressing the joint control problem of pneumatic muscle-driven robots, this study aims to design a bionic reflex mechanism to enhance the robots' adaptive capacity to various disturbances. Based on the biological reflex mechanism, we developed a spindle reflex and deep tendon reflex control system based on CPG (central pattern generator) to mitigate the sudden impact on the hip joint and the continuous blocking force on the knee joint, respectively. The spindle reflex controller incorporates the fast response of sliding mode control to effectively minimize the trajectory deviation of the hip joint under impact disturbances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
January 2025
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; College of Marine Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China. Electronic address:
Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is advancing the digitization and intelligence development of the food industry. A promising application is using deep learning-assisted visible near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy to monitor residual sugar and bacterial concentration in real-time, ensuring kombucha quality during production. The feature fingerprints of residual sugar and bacterial concentration were extracted by four variable selection algorithms and then reconstructed using serial and parallel processing methods.
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