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Innate Immune Response Against Batai Virus, Bunyamwera Virus, and Their Reassortants.
Viruses
November 2024
Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
(OBVs) represent a diverse group of RNA viruses, encompassing a progressively increasing number of arboviruses that cause disease in both humans and livestock. Yet, studies investigating these viruses remain scarce despite the critical importance of such knowledge for assessing their zoonotic potential. In this study, we conducted an evaluation of the early immune response against the understudied Batai virus (BATV), as well as the influence of reassortment with the Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) on this response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Introduction to the Bunyaviruses.
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
The bunyaviruses are an ever-expanding group of RNA viruses that have been linked to a variety of different diseases around the world. First characterized nearly a century ago, over 500 different types of bunyaviruses have been characterized thus far, with hosts ranging from mammals to plants to single-celled organisms. As many of the currently described bunyaviruses have been found to be vector-borne, with transmission being mediated by either insects or rodents, these viruses have incorporated immune-evasive molecules into their relatively small genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOropouche Virus: An Emerging Neuroinvasive Arbovirus.
Ann Neurol
November 2024
Neuroinfectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology, and Department of Medicine and Immunology-Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Article Synopsis
- - Oropouche virus (OROV) is an emerging arbovirus found in parts of South and Central America, the Caribbean, and is now being reported in Cuba, the US, and Europe, primarily transmitted between certain animals and mosquitoes to humans.
- - It causes flu-like symptoms in about 60% of infections, can have a biphasic course leading to symptom recurrence, and poses risks of vertical transmission that might affect pregnancies and fetal development.
- - Diagnosis involves detecting the virus or antibodies in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, with no antiviral treatments or vaccines currently available, making mosquito bite prevention essential for control.
Preliminary evidence that Bunyamwera virus causes severe disease characterized by systemic vascular and multiorgan necrosis in an immunocompromised mouse model.
J Gen Virol
November 2024
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) is the prototypical member of the Bunyamwera serogroup within the genus. BUNV is transmitted by mosquito vectors of the genera , and and has historically circulated in East Africa, though the transmission has been observed in Argentina. BUNV has been identified as an agent of human and animal disease and has also been misdiagnosed as other agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic and phenotypic characterization of the Oropouche virus strain implicated in the 2022-24 large-scale outbreak in Brazil.
J Med Virol
October 2024
Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães (IAM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz/PE), Recife, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- - The Oropouche virus (OROV), part of the Orthobunyavirus species, is an arthropod-borne zoonotic virus primarily transmitted by biting midges, causing significant outbreaks in humans, especially since the 1970s in the Amazon basin.
- - Since 2022, OROV outbreaks have spread more widely across Brazil and South America, with cases being reported as far away as Cuba, Italy, Spain, the USA, and Germany, establishing community transmission in all areas of Brazil.
- - Recent studies in Pernambuco state recovered and characterized two OROV isolates from the ongoing outbreak, revealing evidence of sustained transmission and highlighting the need for further research on the virus's transmission cycles to implement effective control
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