The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are derived from the mesoderm, are considered as a readily available source for tissue engineering. They have multipotent differentiation capacity and can be differentiated into various cell types. Many studies have demonstrated that the MSCs identified from amniotic membrane (AM-MSCs) and amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) are shows advantages for many reasons, including the possibility of noninvasive isolation, multipotency, self-renewal, low immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory and nontumorigenicity properties, and minimal ethical problem. The AF-MSCs and AM-MSCs may be appropriate sources of mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine, as an alternative to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Recently, regenerative treatments such as tissue engineering and cell transplantation have shown potential in clinical applications for degenerative diseases. Therefore, amnion and MSCs derived from amnion can be applied to cell therapy in neuro-degeneration diseases. In this review, we will describe the potential of AM-MSCs and AF-MSCs, with particular focus on cures for neuronal degenerative diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.3.289 | DOI Listing |
Laryngocutaneous fistula is one of the most important complications encountered after larynx surgery. Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment approach for the future, both without the need for surgical methods and by assisting surgical methods to close the fistula. 30 female Downey Sprague rats were divided into 5 separate groups and pharyngocutaneous fistula was created.
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Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
Compared to fluorescence, second harmonic generation (SHG) has recently emerged as an excellent signal for imaging probes due to its unmatched advantages in terms of no photobleaching, no phototoxicity, no signal saturation, as well as the superior imaging accuracy with excellent avoidance of background noise. Existing SHG probes are constructed from heavy metals and are cellular exogenous, presenting with high cytotoxicity, difficult cellular uptake, and the limitation of non-heritability. We, therefore, initially propose an innovative gene-encoded bioprotein SHG probe derived from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) polyhedrin.
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The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that plays an essential role in the development and functionality of the central nervous system. Located on chromosome 10 in humans and chromosome 19 in mice, PTEN encodes a protein that regulates cellular processes such as division, proliferation, growth, and survival by antagonizing the PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway. In neurons, PTEN dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol‑3,4,5‑trisphosphate (PIP3) to PIP2, thereby modulating key signaling cascades involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and synaptic plasticity.
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